JEE AdvancedPhysicsElectrostaticsMultiple correct+4 / −2
A uniform electric field, NC−1 is applied in a region. A charged particle of mass m carrying positive charge q is projected in this region with an initial speed of 2 106 ms−1 . This particle is aimed to hit a target T, which is 5 m away from its entry point into the field as shown schematically in the figure. Take = 1010 Ckg−1 . Then 

- Athe particle will hit T if projected at an angle 45o from the horizontal
- Bthe particle will hit T if projected either at an angle 30o or 60o from the horizontal
- Ctime taken by the particle to hit T could be s as well as s
- Dtime taken by the particle to hit T is s
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Correct answer: B, C
This problem is analogous to projectile motion under gravity. A charged particle moves in a uniform electric field, experiencing a constant force and hence constant acceleration.
Step 1: Analyze the forces and acceleration
- The uniform electric field is given by NC⁻¹.
- A particle with positive charge
qand massmis placed in this field. The force experienced by the particle is . - Substituting the value of , we get .
- The acceleration of the particle is .
- We are given the charge-to-mass ratio, Ckg⁻¹.
- Substituting this value, the acceleration becomes: This is a constant acceleration directed along the negative y-axis. There is no acceleration in the x-direction (). Let the magnitude of the acceleration be ms⁻².
Step 2: Apply equations of projectile motion
- The motion can be treated as a projectile launched with initial speed ms⁻¹ at an angle with the horizontal (x-axis).
- The target T is at a horizontal distance of 5 m from the entry point. The particle starts at (0, 0) and is aimed to hit T at (5, 0). This horizontal distance is the range (R) of the projectile.
- The formula for the range of a projectile is .
- We have:
- m
- ms⁻¹, so (ms⁻¹)²
- ms⁻²
- Substitute these values into the range formula to find the possible projection angle(s) :
- The possible values for (for ) are and .
Step 3: Evaluate options A and B
- Option A:
the particle will hit T if projected at an angle 45o from the horizontal. This is incorrect. The required angles are 30° or 60°. - Option B:
the particle will hit T if projected either at an angle 30o or 60o from the horizontal. This is correct, as derived above.
Step 4: Calculate the time taken to hit the target
- The time taken to cover the horizontal distance R is given by .
- We have two possible angles, so we will have two possible times of flight.
-
Case 1:
-
Case 2:
Step 5: Evaluate options C and D
- Option C: \sqrt {{5 \over 6}} \mu\sqrt {{5 \over 2}} \mu. This is correct, as these are the two possible times corresponding to the two possible projection angles.
- Option D: \sqrt {{5 \over 3}} \mu. This is incorrect. There are two possible times, and this value matches neither of them.
Conclusion
Based on the analysis, options B and C are the correct statements.
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