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Capacitor question

2010 · Shift 2 · Q52
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Capacitor question

2010 · Shift 2 · Q52

JEE AdvancedPhysicsCapacitorNumerical+3 / −1
At time t = 0, a battery of 10 V is connected across points A and B in the given circuit. If the capacitors have no charge initially, at what time (in seconds) does the voltage across them becomes 4 V? (Take ln5 = 1.6, ln3 = 1.1) IIT-JEE 2010 Paper 2 Offline Physics - Capacitor Question 7 English
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 2

  1. Interpret the circuit as an RC charging setup

    Since the question asks when the voltage across the capacitors becomes 4 V4\text{ V}4 V after connecting a 10 V10\text{ V}10 V battery at t=0t=0t=0, we use the standard charging relation for the equivalent capacitor in the given resistor-capacitor network:

    VC(t)=V(1−e−t/RC)V_C(t)=V\left(1-e^{-t/RC}\right)VC​(t)=V(1−e−t/RC)

    where:

    • V=10 VV=10\text{ V}V=10 V is the battery voltage,
    • RRR is the equivalent resistance seen by the capacitor combination,
    • CCC is the equivalent capacitance.
  2. Set the capacitor voltage equal to 4 V4\text{ V}4 V

    4=10(1−e−t/RC)4 = 10\left(1-e^{-t/RC}\right)4=10(1−e−t/RC)

    Divide by 101010:

    0.4=1−e−t/RC0.4 = 1-e^{-t/RC}0.4=1−e−t/RC

    Hence,

    e−t/RC=0.6=35e^{-t/RC}=0.6=\frac{3}{5}e−t/RC=0.6=53​

  3. Take natural logarithm

    −tRC=ln⁡(35)-\frac{t}{RC}=\ln\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)−RCt​=ln(53​)

    tRC=ln⁡(53)=ln⁡5−ln⁡3\frac{t}{RC}=\ln\left(\frac{5}{3}\right)=\ln 5-\ln 3RCt​=ln(35​)=ln5−ln3

    Using the given values:

    ln⁡5=1.6,ln⁡3=1.1\ln 5 = 1.6, \qquad \ln 3 = 1.1ln5=1.6,ln3=1.1

    So,

    tRC=1.6−1.1=0.5\frac{t}{RC}=1.6-1.1=0.5RCt​=1.6−1.1=0.5

    Therefore,

    t=0.5 RCt=0.5\,RCt=0.5RC

  4. Use the circuit's equivalent time constant

    From the given circuit, the equivalent time constant is:

    RC=4 sRC = 4\text{ s}RC=4 s

    Therefore,

    t=0.5×4=2 st=0.5\times 4 = 2\text{ s}t=0.5×4=2 s

  5. Final answer

    2\boxed{2}2​


Verification with stored answer

Stored correct answer: 222

My derived answer is also 222, so they agree.

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