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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2025 · Shift 2 · Q17
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  5. /2025 · Shift 2 · Q17

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2025 · Shift 2 · Q17

JEE AdvancedMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMCQ+3 / −1
Let x0x_0x0​ be the real number such that ex0+x0=0e^{x_0} + x_0 = 0ex0​+x0​=0. For a given real number α\alphaα, define g(x)=3xex+3x−αex−αx3(ex+1)g(x) = \frac{3x e^x + 3x - \alpha e^x - \alpha x}{3(e^x + 1)}g(x)=3(ex+1)3xex+3x−αex−αx​ for all real numbers xxx. Then which one of the following statements is TRUE?
  1. A
    For α=2\alpha = 2α=2, lim⁡x→x0∣g(x)+ex0x−x0∣=0\displaystyle \lim_{x \to x_0} \left| \frac{g(x) + e^{x_0}}{x - x_0} \right| = 0x→x0​lim​​x−x0​g(x)+ex0​​​=0
  2. B
    For α=2\alpha = 2α=2, lim⁡x→x0∣g(x)+ex0x−x0∣=1\displaystyle \lim_{x \to x_0} \left| \frac{g(x) + e^{x_0}}{x - x_0} \right| = 1x→x0​lim​​x−x0​g(x)+ex0​​​=1
  3. C
    For α=3\alpha = 3α=3, lim⁡x→x0∣g(x)+ex0x−x0∣=0\displaystyle \lim_{x \to x_0} \left| \frac{g(x) + e^{x_0}}{x - x_0} \right| = 0x→x0​lim​​x−x0​g(x)+ex0​​​=0
  4. D
    For α=3\alpha = 3α=3, lim⁡x→x0∣g(x)+ex0x−x0∣=23\displaystyle \lim_{x \to x_0} \left| \frac{g(x) + e^{x_0}}{x - x_0} \right| = \frac{2}{3}x→x0​lim​​x−x0​g(x)+ex0​​​=32​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: NONE OF THE OPTIONS IS TRUE.

  1. Given equation for x0x_0x0​

We are given ex0+x0=0 ⇒ ex0=−x0.e^{x_0}+x_0=0 \,\Rightarrow\, e^{x_0}=-x_0.ex0​+x0​=0⇒ex0​=−x0​.

Since ex0>0e^{x_0}>0ex0​>0, we must have x0<0x_0<0x0​<0.

Also note that ex0+1=1−x0≠0,e^{x_0}+1=1-x_0\neq 0,ex0​+1=1−x0​=0, so g(x)g(x)g(x) is well-defined at x=x0x=x_0x=x0​.


  1. Rewrite g(x)g(x)g(x)

Given g(x)=3xex+3x−αex−αx3(ex+1).g(x)=\frac{3xe^x+3x-\alpha e^x-\alpha x}{3(e^x+1)}.g(x)=3(ex+1)3xex+3x−αex−αx​.

Factor the numerator: 3xex+3x−αex−αx=(ex+1)(3x−α).3xe^x+3x-\alpha e^x-\alpha x=(e^x+1)(3x-\alpha).3xex+3x−αex−αx=(ex+1)(3x−α).

Hence, g(x)=(ex+1)(3x−α)3(ex+1)=3x−α3=x−α3.g(x)=\frac{(e^x+1)(3x-\alpha)}{3(e^x+1)}=\frac{3x-\alpha}{3}=x-\frac{\alpha}{3}.g(x)=3(ex+1)(ex+1)(3x−α)​=33x−α​=x−3α​.

So g(x)g(x)g(x) is actually a very simple linear function.


  1. Simplify the expression inside the limit

We need lim⁡x→x0∣g(x)+ex0x−x0∣.\lim_{x\to x_0}\left|\frac{g(x)+e^{x_0}}{x-x_0}\right|.limx→x0​​​x−x0​g(x)+ex0​​​.

Using g(x)=x−α3g(x)=x-\dfrac{\alpha}{3}g(x)=x−3α​, g(x)+ex0=x−α3+ex0.g(x)+e^{x_0}=x-\frac{\alpha}{3}+e^{x_0}.g(x)+ex0​=x−3α​+ex0​.

Since ex0=−x0e^{x_0}=-x_0ex0​=−x0​, g(x)+ex0=x−α3−x0=(x−x0)−α3.g(x)+e^{x_0}=x-\frac{\alpha}{3}-x_0=(x-x_0)-\frac{\alpha}{3}.g(x)+ex0​=x−3α​−x0​=(x−x0​)−3α​.

So g(x)+ex0x−x0=(x−x0)−α/3x−x0=1−α3(x−x0).\frac{g(x)+e^{x_0}}{x-x_0}=\frac{(x-x_0)-\alpha/3}{x-x_0}=1-\frac{\alpha}{3(x-x_0)}.x−x0​g(x)+ex0​​=x−x0​(x−x0​)−α/3​=1−3(x−x0​)α​.

This form shows that unless the constant term in the numerator vanishes at x=x0x=x_0x=x0​, the quotient will blow up. A cleaner way is to first compute g(x0)+ex0=(x0−α3)+ex0=x0−α3−x0=−α3.g(x_0)+e^{x_0}=\left(x_0-\frac{\alpha}{3}\right)+e^{x_0}=x_0-\frac{\alpha}{3}-x_0=-\frac{\alpha}{3}.g(x0​)+ex0​=(x0​−3α​)+ex0​=x0​−3α​−x0​=−3α​.

Thus, for the limit to be finite, we need g(x0)+ex0=0  ⟺  −α3=0  ⟺  α=0.g(x_0)+e^{x_0}=0 \iff -\frac{\alpha}{3}=0 \iff \alpha=0.g(x0​)+ex0​=0⟺−3α​=0⟺α=0.

But neither α=2\alpha=2α=2 nor α=3\alpha=3α=3 satisfies this. Therefore, for both given values, the quotient does not approach a finite real number; in fact its magnitude tends to ∞\infty∞.


  1. Check options

Option A: α=2\alpha=2α=2

Then g(x)+ex0=x−23+ex0=(x−x0)−23,g(x)+e^{x_0}=x-\frac{2}{3}+e^{x_0}=(x-x_0)-\frac{2}{3},g(x)+ex0​=x−32​+ex0​=(x−x0​)−32​, so near x0x_0x0​, ∣g(x)+ex0x−x0∣=∣1−23(x−x0)∣→∞.\left|\frac{g(x)+e^{x_0}}{x-x_0}\right|=\left|1-\frac{2}{3(x-x_0)}\right|\to \infty.​x−x0​g(x)+ex0​​​=​1−3(x−x0​)2​​→∞. Not 000. So A is false.

Option B: α=2\alpha=2α=2

Same reasoning: limit is not 111, it diverges. So B is false.

Option C: α=3\alpha=3α=3

Then g(x)+ex0=x−1+ex0=(x−x0)−1,g(x)+e^{x_0}=x-1+e^{x_0}=(x-x_0)-1,g(x)+ex0​=x−1+ex0​=(x−x0​)−1, so ∣g(x)+ex0x−x0∣=∣1−1x−x0∣→∞.\left|\frac{g(x)+e^{x_0}}{x-x_0}\right|=\left|1-\frac{1}{x-x_0}\right|\to \infty.​x−x0​g(x)+ex0​​​=​1−x−x0​1​​→∞. Not 000. So C is false.

Option D: α=3\alpha=3α=3

Again the limit diverges, not 23\frac2332​. So D is false.


  1. Conclusion

After simplification, g(x)=x−α3,g(x)=x-\frac{\alpha}{3},g(x)=x−3α​, and for both α=2\alpha=2α=2 and α=3\alpha=3α=3, lim⁡x→x0∣g(x)+ex0x−x0∣\lim_{x\to x_0}\left|\frac{g(x)+e^{x_0}}{x-x_0}\right|limx→x0​​​x−x0​g(x)+ex0​​​ does not equal any of the listed finite values; in fact it diverges to ∞\infty∞.

So none of the options is true.


  1. Comparison with stored answer

The stored correct answer is C, but our derivation shows C is false. Hence I do not agree with the stored answer.

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