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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2024 · Shift 2 · Q20
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  5. /2024 · Shift 2 · Q20

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2024 · Shift 2 · Q20

JEE AdvancedMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMCQ+3 / −1
Let k∈Rk \in \mathbb{R}k∈R. If lim⁡x→0+(sin⁡(sin⁡kx)+cos⁡x+x)2x=e6\lim \limits_{x \rightarrow 0+}(\sin (\sin k x)+\cos x+x)^{\frac{2}{x}}=e^6x→0+lim​(sin(sinkx)+cosx+x)x2​=e6, then the value of kkk is
  1. A
    1
  2. B
    2
  3. C
    3
  4. D
    4
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. We need to evaluate
lim⁡x→0+(sin⁡(sin⁡kx)+cos⁡x+x)2x=e6.\lim_{x\to 0^+}\left(\sin(\sin kx)+\cos x+x\right)^{\frac{2}{x}}=e^6.x→0+lim​(sin(sinkx)+cosx+x)x2​=e6.

Let

F(x)=sin⁡(sin⁡kx)+cos⁡x+x.F(x)=\sin(\sin kx)+\cos x+x.F(x)=sin(sinkx)+cosx+x.

As x→0+x\to 0^+x→0+,

sin⁡(sin⁡kx)→0,cos⁡x→1,x→0,\sin(\sin kx)\to 0,\quad \cos x\to 1,\quad x\to 0,sin(sinkx)→0,cosx→1,x→0,

so

F(x)→1.F(x)\to 1.F(x)→1.

Thus the limit is of the standard form 1∞1^{\infty}1∞.

  1. Use the standard result:
lim⁡x→0+F(x)2x=elim⁡x→0+2x(F(x)−1)\lim_{x\to 0^+}F(x)^{\frac{2}{x}}=e^{\lim\limits_{x\to 0^+}\frac{2}{x}(F(x)-1)}x→0+lim​F(x)x2​=ex→0+lim​x2​(F(x)−1)

provided the latter limit exists.

So we compute

F(x)−1=sin⁡(sin⁡kx)+cos⁡x+x−1.F(x)-1=\sin(\sin kx)+\cos x+x-1.F(x)−1=sin(sinkx)+cosx+x−1.
  1. Expand each term near x=0x=0x=0:
  • Since sin⁡t∼t\sin t\sim tsint∼t as t→0t\to 0t→0,
sin⁡(sin⁡kx)∼sin⁡kx∼kx.\sin(\sin kx)\sim \sin kx\sim kx.sin(sinkx)∼sinkx∼kx.
  • Also,
cos⁡x=1−x22+o(x2).\cos x=1-\frac{x^2}{2}+o(x^2).cosx=1−2x2​+o(x2).

Hence,

F(x)−1=kx+(1−x22+o(x2))+x−1=(k+1)x−x22+o(x2).F(x)-1 = kx + \left(1-\frac{x^2}{2}+o(x^2)\right)+x-1 = (k+1)x-\frac{x^2}{2}+o(x^2).F(x)−1=kx+(1−2x2​+o(x2))+x−1=(k+1)x−2x2​+o(x2).

Therefore,

2x(F(x)−1)=2x((k+1)x−x22+o(x2))=2(k+1)−x+o(x).\frac{2}{x}(F(x)-1)=\frac{2}{x}\left((k+1)x-\frac{x^2}{2}+o(x^2)\right) =2(k+1)-x+o(x).x2​(F(x)−1)=x2​((k+1)x−2x2​+o(x2))=2(k+1)−x+o(x).

So,

lim⁡x→0+2x(F(x)−1)=2(k+1).\lim_{x\to 0^+}\frac{2}{x}(F(x)-1)=2(k+1).x→0+lim​x2​(F(x)−1)=2(k+1).
  1. Therefore,
lim⁡x→0+(sin⁡(sin⁡kx)+cos⁡x+x)2x=e2(k+1).\lim_{x\to 0^+}\left(\sin(\sin kx)+\cos x+x\right)^{\frac{2}{x}}=e^{2(k+1)}.x→0+lim​(sin(sinkx)+cosx+x)x2​=e2(k+1).

Given this equals e6e^6e6, we get

e2(k+1)=e6  ⟹  2(k+1)=6.e^{2(k+1)}=e^6 \implies 2(k+1)=6.e2(k+1)=e6⟹2(k+1)=6.

Thus,

k+1=3  ⟹  k=2.k+1=3 \implies k=2.k+1=3⟹k=2.
  1. Check options:
  • A: 111 ❌
  • B: 222 ✅
  • C: 333 ❌
  • D: 444 ❌

So the correct option is B.

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