Sign in
12thPass logo
New chatPYQ LibraryDoubtsRank report
Sign in to see Recents

Your guest activity stays on this device

Sign in to save progress →
Sign in

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2020 · Shift 2 · Q24
Guest · filters and generic practice availableBrowsing as a guest · PYQ filters and generic practice are available. Sign in only for personalised features and saved progress.
  1. PYQ Library
  2. /JEE Advanced
  3. /Mathematics
  4. /Limits Continuity and Differentiability
  5. /2020 · Shift 2 · Q24

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2020 · Shift 2 · Q24

JEE AdvancedMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityNumerical+3 / −1
The value of the limit lim⁡x→π242(sin⁡3x+sin⁡x)(2sin⁡2xsin⁡3x2+cos⁡5x2)−(2+2cos⁡2x+cos⁡3x2)\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {\pi \over 2}} {{4\sqrt 2 (\sin 3x + \sin x)} \over {\left( {2\sin 2x\sin {{3x} \over 2} + \cos {{5x} \over 2}} \right) - \left( {\sqrt 2 + \sqrt 2 \cos 2x + \cos {{3x} \over 2}} \right)}}x→2π​lim​(2sin2xsin23x​+cos25x​)−(2​+2​cos2x+cos23x​)42​(sin3x+sinx)​ is ...........
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 8

  1. We need to evaluate L=lim⁡x→π242(sin⁡3x+sin⁡x)(2sin⁡2xsin⁡3x2+cos⁡5x2)−(2+2cos⁡2x+cos⁡3x2).L=\lim_{x\to \frac\pi2}\frac{4\sqrt2(\sin 3x+\sin x)}{\left(2\sin 2x\sin \frac{3x}{2}+\cos \frac{5x}{2}\right)-\left(\sqrt2+\sqrt2\cos 2x+\cos \frac{3x}{2}\right)}.L=limx→2π​​(2sin2xsin23x​+cos25x​)−(2​+2​cos2x+cos23x​)42​(sin3x+sinx)​.

  2. First simplify the numerator using sin⁡3x+sin⁡x=2sin⁡3x+x2cos⁡3x−x2=2sin⁡2xcos⁡x.\sin 3x+\sin x=2\sin\frac{3x+x}{2}\cos\frac{3x-x}{2}=2\sin 2x\cos x.sin3x+sinx=2sin23x+x​cos23x−x​=2sin2xcosx. So numerator becomes 42(sin⁡3x+sin⁡x)=42⋅2sin⁡2xcos⁡x=82sin⁡2xcos⁡x.4\sqrt2(\sin 3x+\sin x)=4\sqrt2\cdot 2\sin 2x\cos x=8\sqrt2\sin 2x\cos x.42​(sin3x+sinx)=42​⋅2sin2xcosx=82​sin2xcosx. Since sin⁡2x=2sin⁡xcos⁡x\sin 2x=2\sin x\cos xsin2x=2sinxcosx, 82sin⁡2xcos⁡x=162sin⁡xcos⁡2x.8\sqrt2\sin 2x\cos x=16\sqrt2\sin x\cos^2 x.82​sin2xcosx=162​sinxcos2x.

  3. Now simplify the denominator: D=2sin⁡2xsin⁡3x2+cos⁡5x2−2−2cos⁡2x−cos⁡3x2.D=2\sin 2x\sin\frac{3x}{2}+\cos\frac{5x}{2}-\sqrt2-\sqrt2\cos 2x-\cos\frac{3x}{2}.D=2sin2xsin23x​+cos25x​−2​−2​cos2x−cos23x​. Use 2sin⁡Asin⁡B=cos⁡(A−B)−cos⁡(A+B).2\sin A\sin B=\cos(A-B)-\cos(A+B).2sinAsinB=cos(A−B)−cos(A+B). With A=2x,B=3x2A=2x, B=\frac{3x}{2}A=2x,B=23x​, 2sin⁡2xsin⁡3x2=cos⁡x2−cos⁡7x2.2\sin 2x\sin\frac{3x}{2}=\cos\frac{x}{2}-\cos\frac{7x}{2}.2sin2xsin23x​=cos2x​−cos27x​. Hence D=cos⁡x2−cos⁡7x2+cos⁡5x2−2−2cos⁡2x−cos⁡3x2.D=\cos\frac{x}{2}-\cos\frac{7x}{2}+\cos\frac{5x}{2}-\sqrt2-\sqrt2\cos 2x-\cos\frac{3x}{2}.D=cos2x​−cos27x​+cos25x​−2​−2​cos2x−cos23x​. Group cosine terms: D=(cos⁡x2−cos⁡3x2)+(cos⁡5x2−cos⁡7x2)−2(1+cos⁡2x).D=\left(\cos\frac{x}{2}-\cos\frac{3x}{2}\right)+\left(\cos\frac{5x}{2}-\cos\frac{7x}{2}\right)-\sqrt2(1+\cos 2x).D=(cos2x​−cos23x​)+(cos25x​−cos27x​)−2​(1+cos2x). Now use cos⁡C−cos⁡D=−2sin⁡C+D2sin⁡C−D2.\cos C-\cos D=-2\sin\frac{C+D}{2}\sin\frac{C-D}{2}.cosC−cosD=−2sin2C+D​sin2C−D​. Then cos⁡x2−cos⁡3x2=2sin⁡xsin⁡x2,\cos\frac{x}{2}-\cos\frac{3x}{2}=2\sin x\sin\frac{x}{2},cos2x​−cos23x​=2sinxsin2x​, cos⁡5x2−cos⁡7x2=2sin⁡3xsin⁡x2.\cos\frac{5x}{2}-\cos\frac{7x}{2}=2\sin 3x\sin\frac{x}{2}.cos25x​−cos27x​=2sin3xsin2x​. So D=2sin⁡x2(sin⁡x+sin⁡3x)−2(1+cos⁡2x).D=2\sin\frac{x}{2}(\sin x+\sin 3x)-\sqrt2(1+\cos 2x).D=2sin2x​(sinx+sin3x)−2​(1+cos2x). Again, sin⁡x+sin⁡3x=2sin⁡2xcos⁡x.\sin x+\sin 3x=2\sin 2x\cos x.sinx+sin3x=2sin2xcosx. Therefore D=4sin⁡x2sin⁡2xcos⁡x−2(1+cos⁡2x).D=4\sin\frac{x}{2}\sin 2x\cos x-\sqrt2(1+\cos 2x).D=4sin2x​sin2xcosx−2​(1+cos2x). Also, 1+cos⁡2x=2cos⁡2x,1+\cos 2x=2\cos^2 x,1+cos2x=2cos2x, so D=4sin⁡x2sin⁡2xcos⁡x−22cos⁡2x.D=4\sin\frac{x}{2}\sin 2x\cos x-2\sqrt2\cos^2 x.D=4sin2x​sin2xcosx−22​cos2x. Using sin⁡2x=2sin⁡xcos⁡x\sin 2x=2\sin x\cos xsin2x=2sinxcosx, D=8sin⁡x2sin⁡xcos⁡2x−22cos⁡2x.D=8\sin\frac{x}{2}\sin x\cos^2 x-2\sqrt2\cos^2 x.D=8sin2x​sinxcos2x−22​cos2x. Factor 2cos⁡2x2\cos^2 x2cos2x: D=2cos⁡2x(4sin⁡x2sin⁡x−2).D=2\cos^2 x\left(4\sin\frac{x}{2}\sin x-\sqrt2\right).D=2cos2x(4sin2x​sinx−2​). Now use sin⁡x=2sin⁡x2cos⁡x2\sin x=2\sin\frac{x}{2}\cos\frac{x}{2}sinx=2sin2x​cos2x​: 4sin⁡x2sin⁡x=8sin⁡2x2cos⁡x2.4\sin\frac{x}{2}\sin x=8\sin^2\frac{x}{2}\cos\frac{x}{2}.4sin2x​sinx=8sin22x​cos2x​. So D=2cos⁡2x(8sin⁡2x2cos⁡x2−2).D=2\cos^2 x\left(8\sin^2\frac{x}{2}\cos\frac{x}{2}-\sqrt2\right).D=2cos2x(8sin22x​cos2x​−2​). At x=π2x=\frac\pi2x=2π​, this bracket becomes 000, so factor further. Let t=x2.t=\frac{x}{2}.t=2x​. Then 8sin⁡2tcos⁡t−2=8(1−cos⁡2t)cos⁡t−2.8\sin^2 t\cos t-\sqrt2=8(1-\cos^2 t)\cos t-\sqrt2.8sin2tcost−2​=8(1−cos2t)cost−2​. When t→π4t\to \frac\pi4t→4π​, cos⁡t→12\cos t\to \frac{1}{\sqrt2}cost→2​1​. Put u=cos⁡tu=\cos tu=cost: 8(1−u2)u−2=8u−8u3−2.8(1-u^2)u-\sqrt2=8u-8u^3-\sqrt2.8(1−u2)u−2​=8u−8u3−2​. Since u=12u=\frac1{\sqrt2}u=2​1​ is a root, 8u−8u3−2=−(u−12)⋅8(u2+u2−12).8u-8u^3-\sqrt2=-(u-\tfrac1{\sqrt2})\cdot 8\left(u^2+\frac{u}{\sqrt2}-\frac12\right).8u−8u3−2​=−(u−2​1​)⋅8(u2+2​u​−21​). A quicker factorization is obtained directly as 8sin⁡2tcos⁡t−2=22(2cos⁡t+2)(cos⁡t−12)2.8\sin^2 t\cos t-\sqrt2=2\sqrt2(2\cos t+\sqrt2)(\cos t-\tfrac1{\sqrt2})^2.8sin2tcost−2​=22​(2cost+2​)(cost−2​1​)2. But near t=π4t=\frac\pi4t=4π​, the simplest way is to use cos⁡t−12=−2sin⁡t+π/42sin⁡t−π/42,\cos t-\frac1{\sqrt2}= -2\sin\frac{t+\pi/4}{2}\sin\frac{t-\pi/4}{2},cost−2​1​=−2sin2t+π/4​sin2t−π/4​, though an even cleaner route is to use local behavior after factoring one cos⁡x\cos xcosx. Instead, let us rewrite from a previous stage.

  4. From numerator and denominator expressions: N=162sin⁡xcos⁡2x,N=16\sqrt2\sin x\cos^2 x,N=162​sinxcos2x, D=2cos⁡2x(4sin⁡x2sin⁡x−2).D=2\cos^2 x\left(4\sin\frac{x}{2}\sin x-\sqrt2\right).D=2cos2x(4sin2x​sinx−2​). Cancel 2cos⁡2x2\cos^2 x2cos2x: L=lim⁡x→π/282sin⁡x4sin⁡x2sin⁡x−2.L=\lim_{x\to \pi/2}\frac{8\sqrt2\sin x}{4\sin\frac{x}{2}\sin x-\sqrt2}.L=limx→π/2​4sin2x​sinx−2​82​sinx​. Now this is still 80\frac{8}{0}08​-type? Check carefully at x=π/2x=\pi/2x=π/2: 4sin⁡π4sin⁡π2=4⋅12⋅1=22,4\sin\frac\pi4\sin\frac\pi2=4\cdot \frac1{\sqrt2}\cdot 1=2\sqrt2,4sin4π​sin2π​=4⋅2​1​⋅1=22​, so denominator becomes 22−2=2≠0.2\sqrt2-\sqrt2=\sqrt2\neq 0.22​−2​=2​=0. Hence the limit is obtained by direct substitution.

  5. Substitute x=π2x=\frac\pi2x=2π​:

=\frac{8\sqrt2}{2\sqrt2-\sqrt2} =\frac{8\sqrt2}{\sqrt2}=8.$$ 6. Therefore, $$\boxed{8}.$$
PreviousNext

More from Limits Continuity and Differentiability

  • Let f : R → R and g : R → R be functions satisfying f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) + f(x)f(y) and f(x) = xg(x) for all x, y ∈ R. If x→0lim​g(x)=1, then which of the following statements is/are TRUE?2020 · Multiple correct
  • Let f : R → R be given by f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​x5+5x4+10x3+10x2+3x+1,x2−x+1,32​x3−4x2+7x−38​,(x−2)loge​(x−2)−x+310​,​x<0;0≤x<1;1≤x<3;x≥3;​⎭⎬⎫​…2019 · Multiple correct
  • For a∈R,∣a∣>1, let n→∞lim​(n7/3((an+1)21​+(an+2)21​+...+(an+n)21​)1+32​+...3n​​)=54…2019 · Multiple correct
  • Let f : R be a function. We say that f has PROPERTY 1 if h→0lim​∣h∣​f(h)−f(0)​ exists and is finite, and PROPERTY 2 if h→0lim​h2f(h)−f(0)​…2019 · Multiple correct
  • For every twice differentiable function f:R→[−2,2] with (f(0))2+(f′(0))2=85, which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE?2018 · Multiple correct
  • Let f : R → R and g : R → R be two non-constant differentiable functions. If f'(x) = (e(f(x) − g(x))) g'(x) for all x ∈ R and f(1) = g(2) = 1, then which of the following statement(s) is (are) TRUE?2018 · Multiple correct
  • The value of ((log2​9)2)log2​(log2​9)1​×(7​)log4​71​ is ....................2018 · Numerical
  • Let f : (0, π) → R be a twice differentiable function such that t→xlim​t−xf(x)sint−f(t)sinx​=sin2x for all x ∈(0, π). If f(6π​)=−12π​…2018 · Multiple correct