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Correct answer: 1
To determine the number of diamagnetic species, we need to identify which of the given species have no unpaired electrons. A species is diamagnetic if all its electrons are paired. Let's analyze each species step-by-step.
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H atom: The electronic configuration of a hydrogen atom is . It has one unpaired electron in the 1s orbital. Therefore, the H atom is paramagnetic.
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NO₂ monomer: To determine if NO₂ is paramagnetic, we can count its total number of valence electrons. Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons, and each oxygen atom has 6. Total valence electrons = . Since the total number of electrons is odd, NO₂ must have at least one unpaired electron. Thus, NO₂ is paramagnetic.
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O₂⁻ (superoxide): The superoxide ion has a total of electrons. An odd number of electrons means the species must be paramagnetic. According to Molecular Orbital Theory (MOT), the electronic configuration of O₂⁻ ends in , showing one unpaired electron. Thus, O₂⁻ is paramagnetic.
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Dimeric sulphur in vapor phase (S₂): Sulphur is in the same group as oxygen. The molecule is analogous to the molecule. According to MOT, just like , the molecule has two unpaired electrons in its antibonding molecular orbitals. The valence molecular orbital configuration is . Therefore, is paramagnetic.
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Mn₃O₄: This is a mixed oxide, with the formula . It contains manganese in two different oxidation states: and .
- (Z=25) configuration is .
- configuration is , which has 5 unpaired electrons.
- configuration is , which has 4 unpaired electrons. Since both manganese ions present are paramagnetic, the compound is paramagnetic.
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: This compound contains the complex anion .
- The oxidation state of Fe is +2. ().
- has the electronic configuration .
- is a weak-field ligand, forming a high-spin tetrahedral complex.
- In a tetrahedral field, the configuration is . This is incorrect. The correct filling for in a high spin tetrahedral field ( orbitals are lower in energy) is .
- There are 4 unpaired electrons. Thus, the complex is paramagnetic.
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: This compound contains the complex anion .
- The oxidation state of Ni is +2. ().
- has the electronic configuration .
- With (a weak-field ligand), it forms a tetrahedral complex.
- The configuration in a tetrahedral field is , which corresponds to the filling .
- There are 2 unpaired electrons. Thus, the complex is paramagnetic.
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K₂MnO₄: This is potassium manganate, containing the manganate ion .
- The oxidation state of Mn is +6. ().
- has the electronic configuration .
- It has one unpaired electron. Thus, is paramagnetic.
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K₂CrO₄: This is potassium chromate, containing the chromate ion .
- The oxidation state of Cr is +6. ().
- (Z=24) has the configuration .
- has the configuration .
- Since there are no valence electrons, there are no unpaired electrons. Thus, is diamagnetic.
Conclusion: Out of all the given species, only is diamagnetic. Therefore, the total number of diamagnetic species is 1.
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