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Coordination Compounds question

2018 · Shift 1 · Q6
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Coordination Compounds question

2018 · Shift 1 · Q6

JEE AdvancedChemistryCoordination CompoundsNumerical+3 / −1
The ammonia prepared by treating ammonium sulphate with calcium hydroxide is completely used by NiCl2.6H2ONiCl{}_2.6{H_2}ONiCl2​.6H2​O to form a stable coordination compound. Assume that both the reactions are 100%100\%100% complete. If 1584g1584g1584g of ammonium sulphate and 952 g952\,g952g of NiCl2.6H2ONiC{l_2}.6{H_2}ONiCl2​.6H2​O are used in the preparation, the combined weight (in grams) of gypsum and the nickel-ammonia coordination compound thus produced is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. (Atomic weights in gmol−1:H=1,N=14,O=16,S=32,Cl=35.5,Ca=40,Ni=59gmo{l^{ - 1}}:H = 1,N = 14,O = 16,S = 32,Cl = 35.5,Ca = 40,Ni = 59gmol−1:H=1,N=14,O=16,S=32,Cl=35.5,Ca=40,Ni=59
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 2992

The user wants me to solve a stoichiometry problem involving two sequential chemical reactions.

Step 1: Write down the balanced chemical reactions and identify the products.

Reaction 1: Preparation of ammonia Ammonium sulphate reacts with calcium hydroxide to produce ammonia, calcium sulphate, and water. (NH4)2SO4+Ca(OH)2→CaSO4+2NH3+2H2O(NH_4)_2SO_4 + Ca(OH)_2 \rightarrow CaSO_4 + 2NH_3 + 2H_2O(NH4​)2​SO4​+Ca(OH)2​→CaSO4​+2NH3​+2H2​O The problem asks for the weight of gypsum produced. Gypsum is the common name for calcium sulphate dihydrate, CaSO4⋅2H2OCaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2OCaSO4​⋅2H2​O. We need to check if enough water is produced in the reaction to form the dihydrate. According to the stoichiometry, 1 mole of (NH4)2SO4(NH_4)_2SO_4(NH4​)2​SO4​ produces 1 mole of CaSO4CaSO_4CaSO4​ and 2 moles of H2OH_2OH2​O. This is the exact ratio required for the formation of CaSO4⋅2H2OCaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2OCaSO4​⋅2H2​O. Therefore, the product is indeed gypsum, and the overall reaction is: (NH4)2SO4+Ca(OH)2→CaSO4⋅2H2O+2NH3(NH_4)_2SO_4 + Ca(OH)_2 \rightarrow CaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O + 2NH_3(NH4​)2​SO4​+Ca(OH)2​→CaSO4​⋅2H2​O+2NH3​

Reaction 2: Formation of the coordination compound The ammonia produced is used by NiCl2⋅6H2ONiCl_2 \cdot 6H_2ONiCl2​⋅6H2​O to form a stable coordination compound. Nickel(II) is a d8d^8d8 ion and typically forms a hexacoordinate octahedral complex with a strong field ligand like ammonia. The compound is [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2[Ni(NH_3)_6]Cl_2[Ni(NH3​)6​]Cl2​. The ammonia ligands replace the water ligands. NiCl2⋅6H2O+6NH3→[Ni(NH3)6]Cl2+6H2ONiCl_2 \cdot 6H_2O + 6NH_3 \rightarrow [Ni(NH_3)_6]Cl_2 + 6H_2ONiCl2​⋅6H2​O+6NH3​→[Ni(NH3​)6​]Cl2​+6H2​O

Step 2: Calculate the molar masses of the relevant compounds.

Using the given atomic weights (H=1,N=14,O=16,S=32,Cl=35.5,Ca=40,Ni=59H=1, N=14, O=16, S=32, Cl=35.5, Ca=40, Ni=59H=1,N=14,O=16,S=32,Cl=35.5,Ca=40,Ni=59):

  • Molar mass of ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4=2(14+4)+32+4(16)=36+32+64=132 g/mol(NH_4)_2SO_4 = 2(14+4) + 32 + 4(16) = 36 + 32 + 64 = 132 \, g/mol(NH4​)2​SO4​=2(14+4)+32+4(16)=36+32+64=132g/mol.
  • Molar mass of nickel chloride hexahydrate, NiCl2⋅6H2O=59+2(35.5)+6(18)=59+71+108=238 g/molNiCl_2 \cdot 6H_2O = 59 + 2(35.5) + 6(18) = 59 + 71 + 108 = 238 \, g/molNiCl2​⋅6H2​O=59+2(35.5)+6(18)=59+71+108=238g/mol.
  • Molar mass of gypsum, CaSO4⋅2H2O=40+32+4(16)+2(18)=136+36=172 g/molCaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O = 40 + 32 + 4(16) + 2(18) = 136 + 36 = 172 \, g/molCaSO4​⋅2H2​O=40+32+4(16)+2(18)=136+36=172g/mol.
  • Molar mass of the coordination compound, [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2=59+6(14+3)+2(35.5)=59+6(17)+71=59+102+71=232 g/mol[Ni(NH_3)_6]Cl_2 = 59 + 6(14+3) + 2(35.5) = 59 + 6(17) + 71 = 59 + 102 + 71 = 232 \, g/mol[Ni(NH3​)6​]Cl2​=59+6(14+3)+2(35.5)=59+6(17)+71=59+102+71=232g/mol.

Step 3: Calculate the moles of reactants.

  • Moles of (NH4)2SO4=MassMolar Mass=1584 g132 g/mol=12 mol(NH_4)_2SO_4 = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}} = \frac{1584 \, g}{132 \, g/mol} = 12 \, mol(NH4​)2​SO4​=Molar MassMass​=132g/mol1584g​=12mol.
  • Moles of NiCl2⋅6H2O=MassMolar Mass=952 g238 g/mol=4 molNiCl_2 \cdot 6H_2O = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}} = \frac{952 \, g}{238 \, g/mol} = 4 \, molNiCl2​⋅6H2​O=Molar MassMass​=238g/mol952g​=4mol.

Step 4: Determine the amount of products from the first reaction.

The reaction is (NH4)2SO4+Ca(OH)2→CaSO4⋅2H2O+2NH3(NH_4)_2SO_4 + Ca(OH)_2 \rightarrow CaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O + 2NH_3(NH4​)2​SO4​+Ca(OH)2​→CaSO4​⋅2H2​O+2NH3​. The problem states the reaction is 100%100\%100% complete. We assume Ca(OH)2Ca(OH)_2Ca(OH)2​ is in excess.

  • From the stoichiometry, 1 mole of (NH4)2SO4(NH_4)_2SO_4(NH4​)2​SO4​ produces 1 mole of CaSO4⋅2H2OCaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2OCaSO4​⋅2H2​O and 2 moles of NH3NH_3NH3​.
  • Therefore, 12 mol12 \, mol12mol of (NH4)2SO4(NH_4)_2SO_4(NH4​)2​SO4​ will produce:
    • Moles of CaSO4⋅2H2OCaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2OCaSO4​⋅2H2​O (gypsum) = 12 mol12 \, mol12mol.
    • Moles of NH3=2×12=24 molNH_3 = 2 \times 12 = 24 \, molNH3​=2×12=24mol.

Step 5: Determine the limiting reactant and amount of product from the second reaction.

The reaction is NiCl2⋅6H2O+6NH3→[Ni(NH3)6]Cl2+6H2ONiCl_2 \cdot 6H_2O + 6NH_3 \rightarrow [Ni(NH_3)_6]Cl_2 + 6H_2ONiCl2​⋅6H2​O+6NH3​→[Ni(NH3​)6​]Cl2​+6H2​O.

  • Available moles of reactants: 4 mol4 \, mol4mol of NiCl2⋅6H2ONiCl_2 \cdot 6H_2ONiCl2​⋅6H2​O and 24 mol24 \, mol24mol of NH3NH_3NH3​.
  • The stoichiometric ratio required is moles of NiCl2⋅6H2Omoles of NH3=16\frac{\text{moles of } NiCl_2 \cdot 6H_2O}{\text{moles of } NH_3} = \frac{1}{6}moles of NH3​moles of NiCl2​⋅6H2​O​=61​.
  • The available ratio of moles is 424=16\frac{4}{24} = \frac{1}{6}244​=61​.
  • Since the available ratio is equal to the stoichiometric ratio, both reactants will be completely consumed (as stated in the problem).
  • We can use either reactant to calculate the moles of product. Using NiCl2⋅6H2ONiCl_2 \cdot 6H_2ONiCl2​⋅6H2​O:
    • Moles of [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2[Ni(NH_3)_6]Cl_2[Ni(NH3​)6​]Cl2​ formed = Moles of NiCl2⋅6H2ONiCl_2 \cdot 6H_2ONiCl2​⋅6H2​O used = 4 mol4 \, mol4mol.

Step 6: Calculate the combined mass of the products.

  • Mass of gypsum (CaSO4⋅2H2OCaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2OCaSO4​⋅2H2​O) produced: Mass=moles×Molar Mass=12 mol×172 g/mol=2064 g\text{Mass} = \text{moles} \times \text{Molar Mass} = 12 \, mol \times 172 \, g/mol = 2064 \, gMass=moles×Molar Mass=12mol×172g/mol=2064g
  • Mass of nickel-ammonia coordination compound ([Ni(NH3)6]Cl2[Ni(NH_3)_6]Cl_2[Ni(NH3​)6​]Cl2​) produced: Mass=moles×Molar Mass=4 mol×232 g/mol=928 g\text{Mass} = \text{moles} \times \text{Molar Mass} = 4 \, mol \times 232 \, g/mol = 928 \, gMass=moles×Molar Mass=4mol×232g/mol=928g
  • Combined weight of the two products: Total Mass=2064 g+928 g=2992 g\text{Total Mass} = 2064 \, g + 928 \, g = 2992 \, gTotal Mass=2064g+928g=2992g

The combined weight of gypsum and the nickel-ammonia coordination compound is 2992 g2992\,g2992g.

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