- ATetraaquadiaminecobalt (III) chloride.
- BTetraaquadiamminecobalt (III) chloride.
- CDiaminetetraaquacobalt (III) chloride.
- DDiamminetetraaquacobalt (III) chloride.
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Correct answer: D
The IUPAC nomenclature for coordination compounds follows a set of rules. Let's apply them to the complex .
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Identify the Cation and Anion: The compound is ionic. The part in square brackets is the complex cation, and the chloride ions are the anions.
- Cation:
- Anion: The name of the cation is written first, followed by the name of the anion.
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Determine the Oxidation State of the Central Metal Ion: Let the oxidation state of Cobalt (Co) be . The water ligand () and ammonia ligand () are neutral, so their charge is 0. The chloride ion () has a charge of -1. Since there are three chloride ions, their total charge is -3. The overall charge of the complex is 0. So, we can write the equation: The oxidation state of cobalt is +3, which is represented by Roman numeral (III).
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Name the Ligands: The ligands are named before the central metal ion.
- is named 'aqua'. Since there are four of them, we use the prefix 'tetra-', so it becomes 'tetraaqua'.
- is named 'ammine'. Since there are two of them, we use the prefix 'di-', so it becomes 'diammine'.
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Order the Ligands Alphabetically: The ligands are listed in alphabetical order of their names (ignoring the numerical prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-, etc.).
- 'ammine' comes before 'aqua' alphabetically.
- So, the order is 'diammine' followed by 'tetraaqua'.
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Name the Central Metal Ion: The central metal is Cobalt (Co). Since the complex ion is a cation, the name of the metal is used as it is, followed by its oxidation state in Roman numerals in parentheses.
- Metal name: cobalt
- Oxidation state: (III)
- So, it is 'cobalt(III)'.
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Assemble the Name of the Cation: Combining the ligand names (in alphabetical order) and the metal name: Diamminetetraaquacobalt(III)
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Combine the Cation and Anion Names: The full name of the compound is the name of the cation followed by the name of the anion, separated by a space.
- Cation: Diamminetetraaquacobalt(III)
- Anion: chloride (Note: we don't use prefixes like 'tri-' for simple anions).
- Full Name: Diamminetetraaquacobalt (III) chloride.
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Evaluate the Options:
- A: Tetraaquadiaminecobalt (III) chloride. Incorrect alphabetical order and misspelling of 'ammine'.
- B: Tetraaquadiamminecobalt (III) chloride. Incorrect alphabetical order.
- C: Diaminetetraaquacobalt (III) chloride. Misspelling of 'ammine'. The correct name for as a ligand is 'ammine' (with double 'm').
- D: Diamminetetraaquacobalt (III) chloride. This matches our derived name perfectly.
Therefore, the correct IUPAC name is Diamminetetraaquacobalt (III) chloride.
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