A balloon is made of a material of surface tension and its inflation outlet (from where gas is filled in it) has small area . It is filled with a gas of density and takes a spherical shape of radius . When the gas is allowed to flow freely out of it, its radius changes from to 0 (zero) in time . If the speed of gas coming out of the balloon depends on as and then
- A
- B
- C
- D
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Correct answer: A
The relationship for $ T $ is given by:
$ T \propto S^\alpha A^\beta \rho^\gamma R^\delta $
To find constants $ \alpha $, $ \beta $, $ \gamma $, and $ \delta $, analyze the dimensional formulae:
Dimension analysis for Time $ T $:
$ \text{M}^0 \text{L}^0 \text{T}^1 = \left(\text{M} \text{T}^{-2}\right)^\alpha \left(\text{L}^2\right)^\beta \left(\text{M} \text{L}^{-3}\right)^\gamma \text{L}^\delta $
Equate dimensions:
$ \text{M}^0 \text{L}^0 \text{T}^1 = \text{M}^{\alpha + \gamma} \text{L}^{2\beta - 3\gamma + \delta} \text{T}^{-2\alpha} $
From comparing dimensions:
For mass (M): $\alpha + \gamma = 0$
For length (L): $2\beta - 3\gamma + \delta = 0$
For time (T): $ -2\alpha = 1 \Rightarrow \alpha = -\frac{1}{2} $
Solving equations:
Using $\alpha = -\frac{1}{2}$,
$ \alpha + \gamma = 0 \Rightarrow -\frac{1}{2} + \gamma = 0 \Rightarrow \gamma = \frac{1}{2} $
Substituting these into the equation for length:
$ 2\beta - 3\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) + \delta = 0 $
Assume $\beta = -1$ to solve for $\delta$:
$ 2(-1) - \frac{3}{2} + \delta = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad \delta = \frac{7}{2} $
By this analysis, the values are $\alpha = -\frac{1}{2}$, $\beta = -1$, $\gamma = \frac{1}{2}$, and $\delta = \frac{7}{2}$.
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