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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2025 · Q142
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Heat and Thermodynamics question

2025 · Q142

NEETPhysicsHeat and ThermodynamicsMCQ+4 / −1

Three identical heat conducting rods are connected in series as shown in the figure. The rods on the sides have thermal conductivity 2K2 K2K while that in the middle has thermal conductivity KKK. The left end of the combination is maintained at temperature 3T3 T3T and the right end at TTT. The rods are thermally insulated from outside. In steady state, temperature at the left junction is T1T_1T1​ and that at the right junction is T2T_2T2​. The ratio T1/T2T_1 / T_2T1​/T2​ is

NEET 2025 Physics - Heat and Thermodynamics Question 1 English

  1. A
    53\frac{5}{3}35​
  2. B
    54\frac{5}{4}45​
  3. C
    32\frac{3}{2}23​
  4. D
    43\frac{4}{3}34​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

First, consider the equivalent thermal resistance $R_{\text{eq}}$ of the series arrangement:

$ R_{\text{eq}} = R_1 + R_2 + R_3 $

Calculating each resistance:

$ R_1 = \frac{1}{2KA}, \quad R_2 = \frac{1}{KA}, \quad R_3 = \frac{1}{2KA} $

Summing these gives:

$ R_{\text{eq}} = \frac{1}{2KA} + \frac{1}{KA} + \frac{1}{2KA} = \frac{2}{KA} $

In a series arrangement, the rate of heat flow is constant. Thus:

$ \frac{3T - T_1}{R_1} = \frac{3T - T}{R_{\text{eq}}} $

Substituting the resistances:

$ \frac{(3T - T_1) \cdot 2KA}{I} = \frac{2T \cdot KA}{2I} $

Solving the equation yields:

$ 6T - 2T_1 = T \implies 2T_1 = 5T \implies T_1 = \frac{5T}{2} \quad \ldots (1) $

Next, examine the heat flow rate in the third section:

$ \frac{T_2 - T}{R_3} = \frac{3T - T}{R_{\text{eq}}} $

Substitute:

$ \frac{(T_2 - T) \cdot 2KA}{I} = \frac{2T \cdot KA}{2I} $

Solving gives:

$ 2T_2 - 2T = T \implies 2T_2 = 2T + T \implies T_2 = \frac{3T}{2} \quad \ldots (2) $

By substituting equations (1) and (2) into the ratio:

$ \frac{T_1}{T_2} = \frac{5T/2}{3T/2} = \frac{5}{3} $

Thus, the ratio $\frac{T_1}{T_2}$ is $\frac{5}{3}$.

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