Habitat loss and fragmentation is the major cause of biodiversity loss and extinction of plants and animals. Habitat of various organisms are altered or destroyed by uncontrolled and unsustainable human activities such as deforestation, slash, and burn agricultural, mining and urbanisation. This results in the breaking up of the habitat into small pieces, which effects the movement of migratory animals and also, decreases the genetic exchange between populations leading to a declination of species.