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Wave Optics question

2019 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q49
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Wave Optics question

2019 · 8 Apr · Shift 1 · Q49

JEE MainPhysicsWave OpticsMCQ+4 / −1
In an interference experiment the ratio of amplitudes of coherent waves is a1a2=13{{{a_1}} \over {{a_2}}} = {1 \over 3}a2​a1​​=31​ . The ratio of maximum and minimum intensities of fringes will be :
  1. A
    2
  2. B
    4
  3. C
    18
  4. D
    9
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Use the formula for interference intensities

If two coherent waves have amplitudes a1a_1a1​ and a2a_2a2​, then:

Imax⁡=(a1+a2)2I_{\max}=(a_1+a_2)^2Imax​=(a1​+a2​)2 Imin⁡=(a2−a1)2I_{\min}=(a_2-a_1)^2Imin​=(a2​−a1​)2

So,

Imax⁡Imin⁡=(a1+a2)2(a2−a1)2\frac{I_{\max}}{I_{\min}}=\frac{(a_1+a_2)^2}{(a_2-a_1)^2}Imin​Imax​​=(a2​−a1​)2(a1​+a2​)2​

  1. Given amplitude ratio

a1a2=13\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{1}{3}a2​a1​​=31​

Let

a1=k,a2=3ka_1=k, \quad a_2=3ka1​=k,a2​=3k

  1. Substitute into the ratio

Imax⁡Imin⁡=(k+3k)2(3k−k)2\frac{I_{\max}}{I_{\min}}=\frac{(k+3k)^2}{(3k-k)^2}Imin​Imax​​=(3k−k)2(k+3k)2​

=(4k)2(2k)2=\frac{(4k)^2}{(2k)^2}=(2k)2(4k)2​

=16k24k2=4=\frac{16k^2}{4k^2}=4=4k216k2​=4

  1. Match with the options

Thus, the ratio of maximum to minimum intensities is:

4\boxed{4}4​

So the correct option is B.

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