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Units and Measurements question

2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 2 · Q53
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Units and Measurements question

2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 2 · Q53

JEE MainPhysicsUnits and MeasurementsMCQ+4 / −1
If velocity [V], time [T] and force [F] are chosen as the base quantities, the dimensions of the mass will be :
  1. A
    [FT −-− 1 V −-− 1]
  2. B
    [FTV −-− 1]
  3. C
    [FT2 V]
  4. D
    [FVT −-− 1]
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. We are asked to express the dimension of mass in terms of the chosen base quantities: [V],[T],[F][V], [T], [F][V],[T],[F] where velocity, time, and force are treated as fundamental quantities.

  2. Write the usual dimensional formulas:

    • Velocity: [V]=[LT−1][V] = [LT^{-1}][V]=[LT−1]
    • Time: [T]=[T][T] = [T][T]=[T]
    • Force: [F]=[MLT−2][F] = [MLT^{-2}][F]=[MLT−2]
  3. Assume mass can be written as: [M]=[F]a[T]b[V]c[M] = [F]^a [T]^b [V]^c[M]=[F]a[T]b[V]c

  4. Substitute the standard dimensions of each quantity: [M]=(MLT−2)a(T)b(LT−1)c[M] = (MLT^{-2})^a (T)^b (LT^{-1})^c[M]=(MLT−2)a(T)b(LT−1)c

  5. Expand powers: [M]=MaLa+cT−2a+b−c[M] = M^a L^{a+c} T^{-2a+b-c}[M]=MaLa+cT−2a+b−c

  6. Compare exponents with the left-hand side, which is just: [M1L0T0][M^1 L^0 T^0][M1L0T0]

    So we get the equations:

    • For MMM: a=1a = 1a=1
    • For LLL: a+c=0a + c = 0a+c=0
    • For TTT: −2a+b−c=0-2a + b - c = 0−2a+b−c=0
  7. Solve these equations:

    • From a=1a=1a=1
    • Then 1+c=0⇒c=−11 + c = 0 \Rightarrow c = -11+c=0⇒c=−1
    • Now: −2(1)+b−(−1)=0-2(1) + b - (-1) = 0−2(1)+b−(−1)=0 −2+b+1=0-2 + b + 1 = 0−2+b+1=0 b=1b = 1b=1
  8. Therefore, [M]=[F]1[T]1[V]−1[M] = [F]^1 [T]^1 [V]^{-1}[M]=[F]1[T]1[V]−1 [M]=[FTV−1][M] = [FTV^{-1}][M]=[FTV−1]

  9. Match with the options:

    • A: [FT−1V−1][FT^{-1}V^{-1}][FT−1V−1]
    • B: [FTV−1][FTV^{-1}][FTV−1]
    • C: [FT2V][FT^2V][FT2V]
    • D: [FVT−1][FVT^{-1}][FVT−1]

    Hence the correct option is: B\boxed{B}B​

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