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Units and Measurements question

2020 · 2 Sep · Shift 1 · Q46
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Units and Measurements question

2020 · 2 Sep · Shift 1 · Q46

JEE MainPhysicsUnits and MeasurementsMCQ+4 / −1
If speed V, area A and force F are chosen as fundamental units, then the dimension of Young’s modulus will be
  1. A
    FA–1V0
  2. B
    FA2V–1
  3. C
    FA2V–2
  4. D
    FA2V–3
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Write the dimensional formulas in MLT system

    Young’s modulus has the same dimension as stress: Y=forceareaY = \frac{\text{force}}{\text{area}}Y=areaforce​ so [Y]=[F][A]=MLT−2L2=ML−1T−2[Y] = \frac{[F]}{[A]} = \frac{MLT^{-2}}{L^2} = ML^{-1}T^{-2}[Y]=[A][F]​=L2MLT−2​=ML−1T−2

    The chosen fundamental quantities are:

    • Speed: [V]=LT−1[V] = LT^{-1}[V]=LT−1
    • Area: [A]=L2[A] = L^2[A]=L2
    • Force: [F]=MLT−2[F] = MLT^{-2}[F]=MLT−2
  2. Assume Young’s modulus in terms of the new fundamental units

    Let [Y]=[F]x[A]y[V]z[Y] = [F]^x [A]^y [V]^z[Y]=[F]x[A]y[V]z

    Substituting dimensions: ML−1T−2=(MLT−2)x(L2)y(LT−1)zML^{-1}T^{-2} = (MLT^{-2})^x (L^2)^y (LT^{-1})^zML−1T−2=(MLT−2)x(L2)y(LT−1)z

  3. Expand powers

    Right-hand side becomes: MxLx+2y+zT−2x−zM^x L^{x+2y+z} T^{-2x-z}MxLx+2y+zT−2x−z

    Equating powers of M,L,TM, L, TM,L,T:

    • For MMM: x=1x=1x=1
    • For TTT: −2x−z=−2-2x-z=-2−2x−z=−2
    • For LLL: x+2y+z=−1x+2y+z=-1x+2y+z=−1
  4. Solve for x,y,zx,y,zx,y,z

    From x=1x=1x=1

    Using time equation: −2(1)−z=−2⇒−2−z=−2⇒z=0-2(1)-z=-2 \Rightarrow -2-z=-2 \Rightarrow z=0−2(1)−z=−2⇒−2−z=−2⇒z=0

    Using length equation: 1+2y+0=−11+2y+0=-11+2y+0=−1 2y=−2⇒y=−12y=-2 \Rightarrow y=-12y=−2⇒y=−1

  5. Final dimension in new system

    [Y]=F1A−1V0[Y] = F^1 A^{-1} V^0[Y]=F1A−1V0

    So the dimension of Young’s modulus is: FA−1V0\boxed{FA^{-1}V^0}FA−1V0​

  6. Option check

    • A: FA−1V0FA^{-1}V^0FA−1V0 ✅
    • B: FA2V−1FA^2V^{-1}FA2V−1 ❌
    • C: FA2V−2FA^2V^{-2}FA2V−2 ❌
    • D: FA2V−3FA^2V^{-3}FA2V−3 ❌

Therefore, the correct option is A.

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