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Simple Harmonic Motion question

2025 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q69
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  5. /2025 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q69

Simple Harmonic Motion question

2025 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q69

JEE MainPhysicsSimple Harmonic MotionMCQ+4 / −1
A block of mass 2 kg is attached to one end of a massless spring whose other end is fixed at a wall. The spring-mass system moves on a frictionless horizontal table. The spring's natural length is 2 m and spring constant is 200 N/m. The block is pushed such that the length of the spring becomes 1 m and then released. At distance x m (x < 2) from the wall, the speed of the block will be
  1. A
    10[1−(2−x)2]12 m/s10\left[1-(2-x)^2\right]^{\frac{1}{2}} \ m/s10[1−(2−x)2]21​ m/s
  2. B
    10[1−(2−x)2]32 m/s10\left[1-(2-x)^2\right]^{\frac{3}{2}} \ m/s10[1−(2−x)2]23​ m/s
  3. C
    10[1−(2−x)2] m/s10\left[1-(2-x)^2\right] \ m/s10[1−(2−x)2] m/s
  4. D
    10[1−(2−x)2]2 m/s10\left[1-(2-x)^2\right]^2 \ m/s10[1−(2−x)2]2 m/s
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Identify equilibrium and initial condition

The spring has natural length L0=2 mL_0 = 2\ \text{m}L0​=2 m and spring constant k=200 N/m.k = 200\ \text{N/m}.k=200 N/m.

The block of mass m=2 kgm = 2\ \text{kg}m=2 kg is released when the spring length is 1 1\,1m.

So the compression from natural length is A=2−1=1 m.A = 2-1 = 1\ \text{m}.A=2−1=1 m.

Since the table is frictionless and the block is released from rest at maximum compression, the motion is SHM about the equilibrium position at spring length 2 2\,2m with amplitude A=1 m.A=1\ \text{m}.A=1 m.


  1. Displacement at a general position

When the block is at distance xxx from the wall, the spring length is xxx.

Hence displacement from equilibrium is y=x−2.y = x-2.y=x−2.

Its magnitude is ∣y∣=2−x|y| = 2-x∣y∣=2−x because x<2x<2x<2.


  1. Use energy conservation / SHM speed formula

For SHM, v=ωA2−y2v = \omega\sqrt{A^2-y^2}v=ωA2−y2​ where ω=km=2002=100=10 rad/s.\omega = \sqrt{\frac{k}{m}} = \sqrt{\frac{200}{2}} = \sqrt{100} = 10\ \text{rad/s}.ω=mk​​=2200​​=100​=10 rad/s.

Now, A=1,y=x−2.A=1, \qquad y=x-2.A=1,y=x−2.

So v=101−(x−2)2.v = 10\sqrt{1-(x-2)^2}.v=101−(x−2)2​.

Since (x−2)2=(2−x)2(x-2)^2=(2-x)^2(x−2)2=(2−x)2, v=101−(2−x)2.v = 10\sqrt{1-(2-x)^2}. v=101−(2−x)2​.

Thus the speed is 10[1−(2−x)2]1/2 m/s.\boxed{10\left[1-(2-x)^2\right]^{1/2}\ \text{m/s}}.10[1−(2−x)2]1/2 m/s​.


  1. Check options
  • A: 10[1−(2−x)2]1/210\left[1-(2-x)^2\right]^{1/2}10[1−(2−x)2]1/2 ✅
  • B: power 3/23/23/2 ❌
  • C: power 111 ❌
  • D: power 222 ❌

So the correct option is A.

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