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Properties of Matter question

2024 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q77
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Properties of Matter question

2024 · 31 Jan · Shift 1 · Q77

JEE MainPhysicsProperties of MatterMCQ+4 / −1
A small steel ball is dropped into a long cylinder containing glycerine. Which one of the following is the correct representation of the velocity time graph for the transit of the ball?
  1. A
    JEE Main 2024 (Online) 31st January Morning Shift Physics - Properties of Matter Question 63 English Option 1
  2. B
    JEE Main 2024 (Online) 31st January Morning Shift Physics - Properties of Matter Question 63 English Option 2
  3. C
    JEE Main 2024 (Online) 31st January Morning Shift Physics - Properties of Matter Question 63 English Option 3
  4. D
    JEE Main 2024 (Online) 31st January Morning Shift Physics - Properties of Matter Question 63 English Option 4
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Forces acting on the steel ball in glycerine

    When the ball is dropped in glycerine, three forces act on it:

    • Weight: mgmgmg downward
    • Buoyant force: UUU upward
    • Viscous drag: kvkvkv upward, which increases with speed
  2. Initial motion

    At the moment of release, the velocity is zero, so viscous drag is also zero.

    Hence net downward force initially is F=mg−UF = mg - UF=mg−U so the ball starts accelerating downward.

  3. As speed increases

    As the ball gains speed, viscous force kvkvkv increases upward. Therefore net force becomes F=mg−U−kvF = mg - U - kvF=mg−U−kv and the acceleration gradually decreases.

  4. Terminal velocity

    After some time, the viscous force becomes large enough that mg=U+kvtmg = U + kv_tmg=U+kvt​ where vtv_tvt​ is the terminal velocity.

    Then net force becomes zero, so acceleration becomes zero and the ball moves with constant velocity.

  5. Shape of the vvv-ttt graph

    Therefore the velocity-time graph must:

    • start from zero,
    • rise with decreasing slope,
    • finally become horizontal at terminal velocity.

    So the correct graph is the one that approaches a constant value asymptotically.

  6. Option check

    • Any graph showing velocity increasing linearly forever is wrong.
    • Any graph showing velocity first increasing and then decreasing is wrong.
    • The correct one is the graph where velocity increases and then levels off.

Thus, the correct option is B.

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