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Magnetics question

2021 · 17 Mar · Shift 2 · Q47
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Magnetics question

2021 · 17 Mar · Shift 2 · Q47

JEE MainPhysicsMagneticsMCQ+4 / −1
A hairpin like shape as shown in figure is made by bending a long current carrying wire. What is the magnitude of a magnetic field at point P which lies on the centre of the semicircle? JEE Main 2021 (Online) 17th March Evening Shift Physics - Magnetic Effect of Current Question 129 English
  1. A
    μ0I4πr(2−π){{{\mu _0}I} \over {4\pi r}}(2 - \pi )4πrμ0​I​(2−π)
  2. B
    μ0I2πr(2−π){{{\mu _0}I} \over {2\pi r}}(2 - \pi )2πrμ0​I​(2−π)
  3. C
    μ0I4πr(2+π){{{\mu _0}I} \over {4\pi r}}(2 + \pi )4πrμ0​I​(2+π)
  4. D
    μ0I2πr(2+π){{{\mu _0}I} \over {2\pi r}}(2 + \pi )2πrμ0​I​(2+π)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Interpret the hairpin-shaped wire

    The wire consists of:

    • two straight semi-infinite segments,
    • joined by a semicircular arc of radius rrr.

    Point PPP is the center of the semicircle.

  2. Magnetic field due to the semicircular arc

    For a circular arc of angle θ\thetaθ at the center, Barc=μ0Iθ4πrB_{\text{arc}}=\frac{\mu_0 I\theta}{4\pi r}Barc​=4πrμ0​Iθ​

    Here θ=π\theta=\piθ=π for a semicircle, so Bsemi=μ0Iπ4πr=μ0I4rB_{\text{semi}}=\frac{\mu_0 I\pi}{4\pi r}=\frac{\mu_0 I}{4r}Bsemi​=4πrμ0​Iπ​=4rμ0​I​

    Writing with denominator 4πr4\pi r4πr, Bsemi=μ0I4πr πB_{\text{semi}}=\frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi r}\,\piBsemi​=4πrμ0​I​π

  3. Magnetic field due to each straight semi-infinite part

    The perpendicular distance of point PPP from each straight segment is rrr.

    For a semi-infinite straight wire, Bsemi-inf=μ0I4πrB_{\text{semi-inf}}=\frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi r}Bsemi-inf​=4πrμ0​I​

    Since there are two such straight parts, Bstraight total=2⋅μ0I4πr=μ0I4πr⋅2B_{\text{straight total}}=2\cdot \frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi r}=\frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi r}\cdot 2Bstraight total​=2⋅4πrμ0​I​=4πrμ0​I​⋅2

  4. Direction of fields

    Using the right-hand rule, the magnetic field at PPP due to the semicircular arc and due to both straight segments is in the same direction, so magnitudes add.

  5. Net magnetic field

    B=Bsemi+Bstraight totalB= B_{\text{semi}}+B_{\text{straight total}}B=Bsemi​+Bstraight total​ B=μ0I4πr(π+2)B=\frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi r}(\pi+2)B=4πrμ0​I​(π+2)

    Hence, B=μ0I4πr(2+π)\boxed{B=\frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi r}(2+\pi)}B=4πrμ0​I​(2+π)​

  6. Option check

    • A: μ0I4πr(2−π)\frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi r}(2-\pi)4πrμ0​I​(2−π) — incorrect
    • B: μ0I2πr(2−π)\frac{\mu_0 I}{2\pi r}(2-\pi)2πrμ0​I​(2−π) — incorrect
    • C: μ0I4πr(2+π)\frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi r}(2+\pi)4πrμ0​I​(2+π) — correct
    • D: μ0I2πr(2+π)\frac{\mu_0 I}{2\pi r}(2+\pi)2πrμ0​I​(2+π) — incorrect

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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