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Magnetic Properties of Matter question

2019 · 10 Jan · Shift 1 · Q59
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  5. /2019 · 10 Jan · Shift 1 · Q59

Magnetic Properties of Matter question

2019 · 10 Jan · Shift 1 · Q59

JEE MainPhysicsMagnetic Properties of MatterMCQ+4 / −1
A magnet of total magnetic moment 10-2 i^{\widehat i}i A-m2 is placed in a time varying magnetic field, B i^{\widehat i}i(cos ωt\omega tωt) where B = 1 Tesla and ω\omegaω = 0.125 rad/s. The work done for reversing the direction of the magnetic moment at t = 1 second, is -
  1. A
    0.014 J
  2. B
    0.028 J
  3. C
    0.01 J
  4. D
    0.007 J
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: NO OPTION MATCHES THE CORRECT CALCULATION., THE PHYSICALLY CORRECT VALUE IS $$\BOXED{0.020\,\TEXT{J} \TEXT{ (APPROXIMATELY)}}$$

  1. Given data
  • Magnetic moment of the magnet: m⃗=10−2 i^  A m2\vec m = 10^{-2}\,\hat i\; \text{A m}^2m=10−2i^A m2 so m=10−2  A m2m = 10^{-2}\;\text{A m}^2m=10−2A m2

  • Time-varying magnetic field: B⃗(t)=Bcos⁡(ωt) i^\vec B(t) = B\cos(\omega t)\,\hat iB(t)=Bcos(ωt)i^ with B=1  T,ω=0.125  rad s−1B=1\;\text{T}, \qquad \omega = 0.125\;\text{rad s}^{-1}B=1T,ω=0.125rad s−1

  • We need the work done in reversing the magnetic moment at t=1 t=1\,t=1s.


  1. Potential energy of a magnetic dipole

The potential energy of a magnetic dipole in a magnetic field is U=−m⃗⋅B⃗=−mBcos⁡θU = -\vec m\cdot \vec B = -mB\cos\thetaU=−m⋅B=−mBcosθ where θ\thetaθ is the angle between m⃗\vec mm and B⃗\vec BB.

Initially, m⃗\vec mm and B⃗\vec BB are along the same direction (i^\hat ii^), so θi=0\theta_i = 0θi​=0 Hence, Ui=−mB(t)U_i = -mB(t)Ui​=−mB(t)

After reversal, the magnetic moment becomes opposite to the field direction, so θf=π\theta_f = \piθf​=π Thus, Uf=+mB(t)U_f = +mB(t)Uf​=+mB(t)

Therefore, work done in reversing the dipole is the increase in potential energy: W=Uf−Ui=mB(t)−(−mB(t))=2mB(t)W = U_f - U_i = mB(t)-(-mB(t)) = 2mB(t)W=Uf​−Ui​=mB(t)−(−mB(t))=2mB(t)


  1. Evaluate magnetic field at t=1t=1t=1 s

B(t)=Bcos⁡(ωt)=1⋅cos⁡(0.125×1)B(t)=B\cos(\omega t)=1\cdot \cos(0.125\times 1)B(t)=Bcos(ωt)=1⋅cos(0.125×1) B(1)=cos⁡(0.125)  TB(1)=\cos(0.125)\;\text{T}B(1)=cos(0.125)T

Now, cos⁡(0.125)≈0.9922\cos(0.125) \approx 0.9922cos(0.125)≈0.9922

So, B(1)≈0.9922  TB(1) \approx 0.9922\;\text{T}B(1)≈0.9922T


  1. Compute the work done

W=2mB(1)W=2mB(1)W=2mB(1) W=2×10−2×0.9922W=2\times 10^{-2}\times 0.9922W=2×10−2×0.9922 W≈0.01984  JW\approx 0.01984\;\text{J}W≈0.01984J

So the required work is approximately 0.020  J\boxed{0.020\;\text{J}}0.020J​


  1. Check with the options

Given options are:

  • A: 0.014 0.014\,0.014J
  • B: 0.028 0.028\,0.028J
  • C: 0.01 0.01\,0.01J
  • D: 0.007 0.007\,0.007J

Our calculated value 0.020 0.020\,0.020J does not match any option.


  1. Comparison with stored correct answer

Stored correct answer is A: 0.014 0.014\,0.014J.

But from standard formula, W=2mBcos⁡(ωt)W = 2mB\cos(\omega t)W=2mBcos(ωt) at t=1 t=1\,t=1s gives W≈0.01984 JW \approx 0.01984\,\text{J}W≈0.01984J not 0.014 0.014\,0.014J.

So the stored answer appears inconsistent with the given data. It is possible there is a misprint in the question/options (for example, a different value of ω\omegaω, ttt, or magnetic moment may have been intended).

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