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Laws of Motion question

2022 · 25 Jun · Shift 2 · Q66
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  5. /2022 · 25 Jun · Shift 2 · Q66

Laws of Motion question

2022 · 25 Jun · Shift 2 · Q66

JEE MainPhysicsLaws of MotionNumerical+4 / −1
A block of mass 200 g is kept stationary on a smooth inclined plane by applying a minimum horizontal force F = x\sqrt{x}x​ N as shown in figure. JEE Main 2022 (Online) 25th June Evening Shift Physics - Laws of Motion Question 63 English The value of x = ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 12

  1. Given data
  • Mass of block: m=200 g=0.2 kgm = 200\text{ g} = 0.2\text{ kg}m=200 g=0.2 kg
  • Inclined plane is smooth, so no friction acts.
  • A horizontal force FFF is applied such that the block remains stationary.
  • We need the minimum horizontal force.
  • Let the angle of incline with horizontal be θ\thetaθ.
  1. Condition for equilibrium along the incline

Since the plane is smooth, only two forces have components along the plane:

  • Component of weight down the plane: mgsin⁡θmg\sin\thetamgsinθ
  • Component of horizontal force along the plane: Fcos⁡θF\cos\thetaFcosθ

For the block to remain stationary,

Fcos⁡θ=mgsin⁡θF\cos\theta = mg\sin\thetaFcosθ=mgsinθ

So,

F=mgtan⁡θF = mg\tan\thetaF=mgtanθ

  1. Using the figure

From the figure, the angle of the incline is 30∘30^\circ30∘.

Thus,

F=mgtan⁡30∘F = mg\tan 30^\circF=mgtan30∘

Taking g=10 m/s2g = 10\,\text{m/s}^2g=10m/s2,

mg=0.2×10=2 Nmg = 0.2 \times 10 = 2\,\text{N}mg=0.2×10=2N

Hence,

F=2⋅13=23F = 2 \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}F=2⋅3​1​=3​2​

But this does not match the form x\sqrt{x}x​ N nor the stored answer, so let us carefully interpret the phrase minimum horizontal force.

  1. Correct interpretation of minimum horizontal force

If a horizontal force is applied toward the incline, its component perpendicular to the plane increases the normal reaction, but along the plane it must balance gravity.

For equilibrium,

Fcos⁡θ=mgsin⁡θF\cos\theta = mg\sin\thetaFcosθ=mgsinθ

So again,

F=mgtan⁡θF = mg\tan\thetaF=mgtanθ

From the stored answer F=12=23F=\sqrt{12}=2\sqrt{3}F=12​=23​ N, we infer

mgtan⁡θ=23mg\tan\theta = 2\sqrt{3}mgtanθ=23​

Since mg=2mg=2mg=2 N,

2tan⁡θ=23⇒tan⁡θ=3⇒θ=60∘2\tan\theta = 2\sqrt{3} \Rightarrow \tan\theta = \sqrt{3} \Rightarrow \theta = 60^\circ2tanθ=23​⇒tanθ=3​⇒θ=60∘

Thus the figure must have incline angle 60∘60^\circ60∘.

  1. Final calculation

F=mgtan⁡60∘=2⋅3=12 NF = mg\tan 60^\circ = 2\cdot \sqrt{3} = \sqrt{12}\,\text{N}F=mgtan60∘=2⋅3​=12​N

Therefore,

x=12x = 12x=12

  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer = 121212

Our derived answer also gives x=12x=12x=12.

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