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Electrostatics question

2023 · 13 Apr · Shift 2 · Q62
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  5. /2023 · 13 Apr · Shift 2 · Q62

Electrostatics question

2023 · 13 Apr · Shift 2 · Q62

JEE MainPhysicsElectrostaticsNumerical+4 / −1
Three point charges q,−2q\mathrm{q},-2 \mathrm{q}q,−2q and 2q2 \mathrm{q}2q are placed on xxx-axis at a distance x=0,x=34Rx=0, x=\frac{3}{4} Rx=0,x=43​R and x=Rx=Rx=R respectively from origin as shown. If q=2×10−6C\mathrm{q}=2 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{C}q=2×10−6C and R=2 cm\mathrm{R}=2 \mathrm{~cm}R=2 cm, the magnitude of net force experienced by the charge −2q-2 q−2q is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ N. JEE Main 2023 (Online) 13th April Evening Shift Physics - Electrostatics Question 84 English
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 5440

  1. Given data
  • Charges on the xxx-axis:
    • At x=0x=0x=0: qqq
    • At x=3R4x=\frac{3R}{4}x=43R​: −2q-2q−2q
    • At x=Rx=Rx=R: 2q2q2q
  • q=2×10−6 Cq = 2 \times 10^{-6}\,\text{C}q=2×10−6C
  • R=2 cm=2×10−2 mR = 2\,\text{cm} = 2 \times 10^{-2}\,\text{m}R=2cm=2×10−2m
  • Coulomb constant: k=9×109 N m2/C2k = 9 \times 10^9\,\text{N m}^2/\text{C}^2k=9×109N m2/C2

We need the net force on the charge −2q-2q−2q.


  1. Find distances from −2q-2q−2q to the other charges

Position of −2q-2q−2q is at x=3R4x = \frac{3R}{4}x=43R​

So,

  • Distance between qqq at 000 and −2q-2q−2q at 3R4\frac{3R}{4}43R​: r1=3R4r_1 = \frac{3R}{4}r1​=43R​

  • Distance between 2q2q2q at RRR and −2q-2q−2q at 3R4\frac{3R}{4}43R​: r2=R−3R4=R4r_2 = R - \frac{3R}{4} = \frac{R}{4}r2​=R−43R​=4R​

Since R=2×10−2 mR=2\times 10^{-2}\,\text{m}R=2×10−2m, r1=34(2×10−2)=1.5×10−2 mr_1 = \frac{3}{4}(2\times10^{-2}) = 1.5\times10^{-2}\,\text{m}r1​=43​(2×10−2)=1.5×10−2m r2=14(2×10−2)=0.5×10−2=5×10−3 mr_2 = \frac{1}{4}(2\times10^{-2}) = 0.5\times10^{-2} = 5\times10^{-3}\,\text{m}r2​=41​(2×10−2)=0.5×10−2=5×10−3m


  1. Force on −2q-2q−2q due to charge qqq at the origin

Magnitude: F1=k∣q(−2q)∣r12=k2q2r12F_1 = k\frac{|q(-2q)|}{r_1^2} = k\frac{2q^2}{r_1^2}F1​=kr12​∣q(−2q)∣​=kr12​2q2​

Now, q2=(2×10−6)2=4×10−12q^2 = (2\times10^{-6})^2 = 4\times10^{-12}q2=(2×10−6)2=4×10−12

Thus, F1=9×109⋅2(4×10−12)(1.5×10−2)2F_1 = 9\times10^9 \cdot \frac{2(4\times10^{-12})}{(1.5\times10^{-2})^2}F1​=9×109⋅(1.5×10−2)22(4×10−12)​ F1=9×109⋅8×10−122.25×10−4F_1 = 9\times10^9 \cdot \frac{8\times10^{-12}}{2.25\times10^{-4}}F1​=9×109⋅2.25×10−48×10−12​ F1=72×10−32.25×10−4=320 NF_1 = \frac{72\times10^{-3}}{2.25\times10^{-4}} = 320\,\text{N}F1​=2.25×10−472×10−3​=320N

Direction: qqq and −2q-2q−2q attract each other, so the force is towards the origin, i.e. to the left.


  1. Force on −2q-2q−2q due to charge 2q2q2q at x=Rx=Rx=R

Magnitude: F2=k∣(−2q)(2q)∣r22=k4q2r22F_2 = k\frac{|(-2q)(2q)|}{r_2^2} = k\frac{4q^2}{r_2^2}F2​=kr22​∣(−2q)(2q)∣​=kr22​4q2​

So, F2=9×109⋅4(4×10−12)(5×10−3)2F_2 = 9\times10^9 \cdot \frac{4(4\times10^{-12})}{(5\times10^{-3})^2}F2​=9×109⋅(5×10−3)24(4×10−12)​ F2=9×109⋅16×10−1225×10−6F_2 = 9\times10^9 \cdot \frac{16\times10^{-12}}{25\times10^{-6}}F2​=9×109⋅25×10−616×10−12​ F2=144×10−325×10−6=5760 NF_2 = \frac{144\times10^{-3}}{25\times10^{-6}} = 5760\,\text{N}F2​=25×10−6144×10−3​=5760N

Direction: −2q-2q−2q and 2q2q2q attract each other, so the force is towards x=Rx=Rx=R, i.e. to the right.


  1. Net force on −2q-2q−2q

The two forces are opposite in direction:

  • F1=320 NF_1 = 320\,\text{N}F1​=320N left
  • F2=5760 NF_2 = 5760\,\text{N}F2​=5760N right

Hence magnitude of net force is Fnet=5760−320=5440 NF_{\text{net}} = 5760 - 320 = 5440\,\text{N}Fnet​=5760−320=5440N


  1. Final answer

5440\boxed{5440}5440​

So, the required integer answer is 5440.

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