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Electrostatics question

2023 · 24 Jan · Shift 1 · Q69
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Electrostatics question

2023 · 24 Jan · Shift 1 · Q69

JEE MainPhysicsElectrostaticsNumerical+4 / −1
A stream of a positively charged particles having qm=2×1011Ckg{q \over m} = 2 \times {10^{11}}{C \over {kg}}mq​=2×1011kgC​ and velocity v→0=3×107i^ m/s{\overrightarrow v _0} = 3 \times {10^7}\widehat i\,m/sv0​=3×107im/s is deflected by an electric field 1.8j^1.8\widehat j1.8j​ kV/m. The electric field exists in a region of 10 cm along xxx direction. Due to the electric field, the deflection of the charge particles in the yyy direction is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ mm.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 2

  1. Given data
  • Specific charge: qm=2×1011 C/kg\frac{q}{m} = 2 \times 10^{11}\ \text{C/kg}mq​=2×1011 C/kg
  • Initial velocity along xxx: v⃗0=3×107 i^ m/s\vec v_0 = 3 \times 10^7\, \hat i\ \text{m/s}v0​=3×107i^ m/s
  • Electric field along yyy: E⃗=1.8 j^ kV/m=1.8×103 j^ V/m\vec E = 1.8\,\hat j\ \text{kV/m} = 1.8 \times 10^3\,\hat j\ \text{V/m}E=1.8j^​ kV/m=1.8×103j^​ V/m
  • Length of field region along xxx: L=10 cm=0.1 mL = 10\ \text{cm} = 0.1\ \text{m}L=10 cm=0.1 m

We need the deflection in the yyy-direction while the particle is inside the electric field.


  1. Acceleration in the yyy-direction

Force due to electric field: Fy=qEF_y = qEFy​=qE

So acceleration is ay=Fym=qEm=(qm)Ea_y = \frac{F_y}{m} = \frac{qE}{m} = \left(\frac{q}{m}\right)Eay​=mFy​​=mqE​=(mq​)E

Substitute values: ay=(2×1011)(1.8×103)a_y = (2 \times 10^{11})(1.8 \times 10^3)ay​=(2×1011)(1.8×103) ay=3.6×1014 m/s2a_y = 3.6 \times 10^{14}\ \text{m/s}^2ay​=3.6×1014 m/s2


  1. Time spent inside the field

There is no force along xxx, so the xxx-velocity remains constant: vx=3×107 m/sv_x = 3 \times 10^7\ \text{m/s}vx​=3×107 m/s

Time to cross the field region: t=Lvx=0.13×107t = \frac{L}{v_x} = \frac{0.1}{3 \times 10^7}t=vx​L​=3×1070.1​ t=13×10−8=3.33×10−9 st = \frac{1}{3} \times 10^{-8} = 3.33 \times 10^{-9}\ \text{s}t=31​×10−8=3.33×10−9 s


  1. Deflection in yyy-direction

Initial velocity in yyy is zero, so y=12ayt2y = \frac{1}{2} a_y t^2y=21​ay​t2

Now, t2=(3.33×10−9)2≈1.11×10−17t^2 = (3.33 \times 10^{-9})^2 \approx 1.11 \times 10^{-17}t2=(3.33×10−9)2≈1.11×10−17

Hence, y=12(3.6×1014)(1.11×10−17)y = \frac{1}{2}(3.6 \times 10^{14})(1.11 \times 10^{-17})y=21​(3.6×1014)(1.11×10−17)

y≈1.8×1.11×10−3y \approx 1.8 \times 1.11 \times 10^{-3}y≈1.8×1.11×10−3 y≈2.0×10−3 my \approx 2.0 \times 10^{-3}\ \text{m}y≈2.0×10−3 m

Convert to mm: 2.0×10−3 m=2 mm2.0 \times 10^{-3}\ \text{m} = 2\ \text{mm}2.0×10−3 m=2 mm


  1. Final answer

The deflection in the yyy-direction is: 2 mm\boxed{2\ \text{mm}}2 mm​

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