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Electrostatics question

2023 · 10 Apr · Shift 2 · Q62
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Electrostatics question

2023 · 10 Apr · Shift 2 · Q62

JEE MainPhysicsElectrostaticsNumerical+4 / −1
An electron revolves around an infinite cylindrical wire having uniform linear charge density 2×10−8Cm−12 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{C} \mathrm{m}^{-1}2×10−8Cm−1 in circular path under the influence of attractive electrostatic field as shown in the figure. The velocity of electron with which it is revolving is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​×106 m s−1\times 10^{6} \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}×106 m s−1. Given mass of electron =9×10−31 kg=9 \times 10^{-31} \mathrm{~kg}=9×10−31 kg JEE Main 2023 (Online) 10th April Evening Shift Physics - Electrostatics Question 76 English
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 8

  1. Electric field due to an infinite line charge

For an infinite straight wire with linear charge density λ\lambdaλ, the electric field at distance rrr is

E=λ2πε0rE = \frac{\lambda}{2\pi \varepsilon_0 r}E=2πε0​rλ​

Since the electron is revolving around the wire, this electric field provides the required centripetal force.

  1. Electrostatic force on the electron

Magnitude of force on electron:

Fe=eE=e⋅λ2πε0rF_e = eE = e\cdot \frac{\lambda}{2\pi \varepsilon_0 r}Fe​=eE=e⋅2πε0​rλ​

  1. Centripetal force condition

For circular motion,

mv2r=e⋅λ2πε0r\frac{mv^2}{r} = e\cdot \frac{\lambda}{2\pi \varepsilon_0 r}rmv2​=e⋅2πε0​rλ​

Notice that rrr cancels out:

mv2=eλ2πε0mv^2 = \frac{e\lambda}{2\pi \varepsilon_0}mv2=2πε0​eλ​

So,

v=eλ2πε0mv = \sqrt{\frac{e\lambda}{2\pi \varepsilon_0 m}}v=2πε0​meλ​​

  1. Substitute values

Given:

λ=2×10−8 C m−1\lambda = 2\times 10^{-8}\ \mathrm{C\,m^{-1}}λ=2×10−8 Cm−1 e=1.6×10−19 Ce = 1.6\times 10^{-19}\ \mathrm{C}e=1.6×10−19 C m=9×10−31 kgm = 9\times 10^{-31}\ \mathrm{kg}m=9×10−31 kg

Also,

14πε0=9×109\frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}=9\times 10^94πε0​1​=9×109

Hence,

12πε0=2×9×109=1.8×1010\frac{1}{2\pi\varepsilon_0}=2\times 9\times 10^9=1.8\times 10^{10}2πε0​1​=2×9×109=1.8×1010

Now,

v2=(1.6×10−19)(2×10−8)(1.8×1010)9×10−31v^2 = \frac{(1.6\times 10^{-19})(2\times 10^{-8})(1.8\times 10^{10})}{9\times 10^{-31}}v2=9×10−31(1.6×10−19)(2×10−8)(1.8×1010)​

First simplify numerator:

1.6×2×1.8=5.761.6\times 2\times 1.8 = 5.761.6×2×1.8=5.76

and powers:

10−19×10−8×1010=10−1710^{-19} \times 10^{-8} \times 10^{10} = 10^{-17}10−19×10−8×1010=10−17

So,

v2=5.76×10−179×10−31v^2 = \frac{5.76\times 10^{-17}}{9\times 10^{-31}}v2=9×10−315.76×10−17​

v2=0.64×1014=6.4×1013v^2 = 0.64\times 10^{14} = 6.4\times 10^{13}v2=0.64×1014=6.4×1013

Therefore,

v=6.4×1013v = \sqrt{6.4\times 10^{13}}v=6.4×1013​

v≈8×106 m s−1v \approx 8\times 10^6\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}v≈8×106 ms−1

  1. Final integer value

The question asks for the blank in

‾×106 m s−1\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\times 10^6\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}​×106 ms−1

Hence the required integer is

8\boxed{8}8​

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