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Electrostatics question

2022 · 25 Jul · Shift 1 · Q65
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Electrostatics question

2022 · 25 Jul · Shift 1 · Q65

JEE MainPhysicsElectrostaticsNumerical+4 / −1
The volume charge density of a sphere of radius 6 m6 \mathrm{~m}6 m is 2 μC cm−32 \,\mu \mathrm{C} \,\mathrm{cm}^{-3}2μCcm−3. The number of lines of force per unit surface area coming out from the surface of the sphere is ‾×1010 NC−1\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\times 10^{10} \,\mathrm{NC}^{-1}​×1010NC−1. [Given : Permittivity of vacuum ϵ0=8.85×10−12 C2  N−1−m−2\epsilon_{0}=8.85 \times 10^{-12} \,\mathrm{C}^{2}\, \mathrm{~N}^{-1}-\mathrm{m}^{-2}ϵ0​=8.85×10−12C2 N−1−m−2 )
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 5

  1. Interpretation of “number of lines of force per unit surface area”

    In electrostatics, the number of electric lines of force crossing per unit area is proportional to the electric field magnitude.

    So we need the electric field just outside the surface of the uniformly charged sphere: E=Q4πϵ0R2E=\frac{Q}{4\pi \epsilon_0 R^2}E=4πϵ0​R2Q​

    For a uniformly charged sphere, Q=ρ⋅43πR3Q=\rho \cdot \frac{4}{3}\pi R^3Q=ρ⋅34​πR3 Hence, E=ρR3ϵ0E=\frac{\rho R}{3\epsilon_0}E=3ϵ0​ρR​

  2. Convert charge density into SI units

    Given: ρ=2 μC cm−3\rho=2\,\mu C\,cm^{-3}ρ=2μCcm−3

    Now, 1 μC=10−6 C,1 cm3=10−6 m31\,\mu C=10^{-6}\,C, \qquad 1\,cm^3=10^{-6}\,m^31μC=10−6C,1cm3=10−6m3

    Therefore, 1 μC cm−3=10−6C10−6m3=1 C m−31\,\mu C\,cm^{-3}=\frac{10^{-6}C}{10^{-6}m^3}=1\,C\,m^{-3}1μCcm−3=10−6m310−6C​=1Cm−3

    So, ρ=2 C m−3\rho=2\,C\,m^{-3}ρ=2Cm−3

  3. Substitute values

    Radius: R=6 mR=6\,mR=6m

    Using E=ρR3ϵ0E=\frac{\rho R}{3\epsilon_0}E=3ϵ0​ρR​ we get E=2×63×8.85×10−12E=\frac{2\times 6}{3\times 8.85\times 10^{-12}}E=3×8.85×10−122×6​

    E=1226.55×10−12E=\frac{12}{26.55\times 10^{-12}}E=26.55×10−1212​

    E≈0.452×1012E\approx 0.452\times 10^{12}E≈0.452×1012

    E≈4.52×1010 NC−1E\approx 4.52\times 10^{10}\,N C^{-1}E≈4.52×1010NC−1

  4. Match with the required form

    Required form is: ‾×1010 NC−1\underline{\hspace{1cm}}\times 10^{10}\,NC^{-1}​×1010NC−1

    Thus, E≈4.52×1010 NC−1E\approx 4.52\times 10^{10}\,NC^{-1}E≈4.52×1010NC−1

    The integer asked is therefore approximately 555

  5. Comparison with stored answer

    My derived answer is 555, while the stored correct answer is 454545.

    The value 454545 would correspond to writing 4.5×10104.5\times 10^{10}4.5×1010 and then mistakenly taking the coefficient as 454545 instead of 4.54.54.5.

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