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Electromagnetic Induction question

2022 · 26 Jun · Shift 1 · Q63
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  5. /2022 · 26 Jun · Shift 1 · Q63

Electromagnetic Induction question

2022 · 26 Jun · Shift 1 · Q63

JEE MainPhysicsElectromagnetic InductionNumerical+4 / −1
A 10 Ω\OmegaΩ, 20 mH coil carrying constant current is connected to a battery of 20 V through a switch. Now after switch is opened current becomes zero in 100 μ\muμ s. The average e.m.f. induced in the coil is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ V.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 400

  1. Given data

    • Resistance of coil: R=10 ΩR = 10\,\OmegaR=10Ω
    • Inductance of coil: L=20 mH=20×10−3 HL = 20\,\text{mH} = 20 \times 10^{-3}\,\text{H}L=20mH=20×10−3H
    • Battery voltage: V=20 VV = 20\,\text{V}V=20V
    • Time in which current becomes zero after opening switch: Δt=100 μs=100×10−6 s=10−4 s\Delta t = 100\,\mu s = 100 \times 10^{-6}\,\text{s} = 10^{-4}\,\text{s}Δt=100μs=100×10−6s=10−4s
  2. Current through the coil before opening the switch

    Since the coil is carrying constant current, steady state has been reached. So the inductor behaves like a short circuit and current is determined by the resistance only: I=VR=2010=2 AI = \frac{V}{R} = \frac{20}{10} = 2\,\text{A}I=RV​=1020​=2A

  3. Change in current after opening the switch

    The current falls from 2 A2\,\text{A}2A to 000 in 10−4 s10^{-4}\,\text{s}10−4s.

    So, ΔI=0−2=−2 A\Delta I = 0 - 2 = -2\,\text{A}ΔI=0−2=−2A

  4. Average induced e.m.f.

    The induced e.m.f. across an inductor is e=−LdIdte = -L\frac{dI}{dt}e=−LdtdI​

    Therefore, average magnitude of induced e.m.f. is ∣eavg∣=L∣ΔIΔt∣|e_{\text{avg}}| = L\left|\frac{\Delta I}{\Delta t}\right|∣eavg​∣=L​ΔtΔI​​

    Substituting values: ∣eavg∣=20×10−3×210−4|e_{\text{avg}}| = 20 \times 10^{-3} \times \frac{2}{10^{-4}}∣eavg​∣=20×10−3×10−42​

    =20×10−3×2×104= 20 \times 10^{-3} \times 2 \times 10^{4}=20×10−3×2×104

    =40×101=400 V= 40 \times 10^{1} = 400\,\text{V}=40×101=400V

  5. Final answer

    400\boxed{400}400​

The stored correct answer is also 400400400, so it matches.

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