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Dual Nature of Radiation question

2021 · 25 Jul · Shift 1 · Q48
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Dual Nature of Radiation question

2021 · 25 Jul · Shift 1 · Q48

JEE MainPhysicsDual Nature of RadiationMCQ+4 / −1
What should be the order of arrangement of de-Broglie wavelength of electron (λ\lambdaλ e), an α\alphaα-particle (λ\lambdaλ a) and proton (λ\lambdaλ p) given that all have the same kinetic energy?
  1. A
    λ\lambdaλ e = λ\lambdaλ p = λα\lambda\alphaλα
  2. B
    λ\lambdaλ e < λ\lambdaλ p < λα\lambda\alphaλα
  3. C
    λ\lambdaλ e > λ\lambdaλ p > λα\lambda\alphaλα
  4. D
    λ\lambdaλ e = λ\lambdaλ p > λα\lambda\alphaλα
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. For a particle, the de-Broglie wavelength is

λ=hp\lambda = \frac{h}{p}λ=ph​

where hhh is Planck’s constant and ppp is momentum.

  1. Since all particles have the same kinetic energy KKK, use the non-relativistic relation:

K=p22mK = \frac{p^2}{2m}K=2mp2​

So,

p=2mKp = \sqrt{2mK}p=2mK​

Substituting into de-Broglie relation:

λ=h2mK\lambda = \frac{h}{\sqrt{2mK}}λ=2mK​h​

  1. Because hhh and KKK are same for all particles,

λ∝1m\lambda \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{m}}λ∝m​1​

Thus, smaller mass means larger wavelength.

  1. Compare masses:
  • Electron mass mem_eme​ is smallest
  • Proton mass mpm_pmp​ is much larger than electron
  • α\alphaα-particle mass mα≈4mpm_\alpha \approx 4m_pmα​≈4mp​, so it is the largest

Therefore,

me<mp<mαm_e < m_p < m_\alphame​<mp​<mα​

Hence,

λe>λp>λα\lambda_e > \lambda_p > \lambda_\alphaλe​>λp​>λα​

  1. Checking options:
  • A: incorrect
  • B: incorrect
  • C: correct
  • D: incorrect

Therefore, the correct option is:

λe>λp>λα\boxed{\lambda_e > \lambda_p > \lambda_\alpha}λe​>λp​>λα​​

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