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Dual Nature of Radiation question

2020 · 7 Jan · Shift 1 · Q44
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Dual Nature of Radiation question

2020 · 7 Jan · Shift 1 · Q44

JEE MainPhysicsDual Nature of RadiationNumerical+4 / −1
A beam of electromagnetic radiation of intensity 6.4 × 10–5 W/cm2 is comprised of wavelength, λ\lambdaλ= 310 nm. It falls normally on a metal (work function ϕ\phiϕ = 2eV) of surface area of 1 cm2. If one in 103 photons ejects an elctron, total number of electrons ejected in 1 s is 10x. (hc = 1240 eVnm, 1eV = 1.6 × 10–19 J), then x is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 11

  1. Given data
  • Intensity of radiation:
    I=6.4×10−5 W/cm2I = 6.4\times 10^{-5}\ \text{W/cm}^2I=6.4×10−5 W/cm2
  • Area of metal surface:
    A=1 cm2A = 1\ \text{cm}^2A=1 cm2
  • Wavelength:
    λ=310 nm\lambda = 310\ \text{nm}λ=310 nm
  • Work function:
    ϕ=2 eV\phi = 2\ \text{eV}ϕ=2 eV
  • One in 10310^3103 photons ejects one electron.

We need total number of electrons emitted in 1 s1\ \text{s}1 s.


  1. Power falling on the surface

Since area is 1 cm21\ \text{cm}^21 cm2, P=IA=6.4×10−5 WP = IA = 6.4\times 10^{-5}\ \text{W}P=IA=6.4×10−5 W

So, energy incident in 1 s1\ \text{s}1 s is Etotal=P×1=6.4×10−5 JE_{\text{total}} = P\times 1 = 6.4\times 10^{-5}\ \text{J}Etotal​=P×1=6.4×10−5 J


  1. Energy of one photon

Using E=hcλE = \frac{hc}{\lambda}E=λhc​ Given hc=1240 eV nmhc = 1240\ \text{eV nm}hc=1240 eV nm, Eγ=1240310 eV=4 eVE_{\gamma} = \frac{1240}{310}\ \text{eV} = 4\ \text{eV}Eγ​=3101240​ eV=4 eV

Convert into joules: Eγ=4×1.6×10−19=6.4×10−19 JE_{\gamma} = 4\times 1.6\times 10^{-19} = 6.4\times 10^{-19}\ \text{J}Eγ​=4×1.6×10−19=6.4×10−19 J


  1. Check whether photoemission occurs

Photon energy = 4 eV4\ \text{eV}4 eV and work function = 2 eV2\ \text{eV}2 eV.

Since 4>2,4 > 2,4>2, photoelectrons are emitted.


  1. Number of photons incident per second

Nγ=EtotalEγ=6.4×10−56.4×10−19=1014N_{\gamma} = \frac{E_{\text{total}}}{E_{\gamma}} = \frac{6.4\times 10^{-5}}{6.4\times 10^{-19}} = 10^{14}Nγ​=Eγ​Etotal​​=6.4×10−196.4×10−5​=1014

So, incident photons per second = 101410^{14}1014


  1. Number of electrons emitted per second

Given only one in 10310^3103 photons ejects an electron, Ne=1014103=1011N_e = \frac{10^{14}}{10^3} = 10^{11}Ne​=1031014​=1011

Thus, total electrons ejected in 1 s1\ \text{s}1 s is 101110^{11}1011

Comparing with 10x10^x10x, x=11x = 11x=11


  1. Final answer

11\boxed{11}11​

The derived answer matches the stored correct answer.

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