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Current Electricity question

2023 · 12 Apr · Shift 1 · Q63
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Current Electricity question

2023 · 12 Apr · Shift 1 · Q63

JEE MainPhysicsCurrent ElectricityNumerical+4 / −1
The current flowing through a conductor connected across a source is 2 A2 \mathrm{~A}2 A and 1.2 A\mathrm{A}A at 0∘C0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}0∘C and 100∘C100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}100∘C respectively. The current flowing through the conductor at 50∘C50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}50∘C will be ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​×102 mA\times 10^{2} \mathrm{~mA}×102 mA.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 15

  1. Use the temperature dependence of resistance

For a conductor, Rt=R0(1+αt)R_t = R_0(1+\alpha t)Rt​=R0​(1+αt) where R0R_0R0​ is the resistance at 0∘C0^\circ\text{C}0∘C.

Since the conductor is connected across the same source, voltage VVV is constant, so It=VRt=VR0(1+αt)I_t = \frac{V}{R_t} = \frac{V}{R_0(1+\alpha t)}It​=Rt​V​=R0​(1+αt)V​ Thus, It∝11+αtI_t \propto \frac{1}{1+\alpha t}It​∝1+αt1​

  1. Given currents at two temperatures

At 0∘C0^\circ\text{C}0∘C: I0=2 AI_0 = 2\text{ A}I0​=2 A

At 100∘C100^\circ\text{C}100∘C: I100=1.2 AI_{100} = 1.2\text{ A}I100​=1.2 A

Now, I0I100=1+100α1\frac{I_0}{I_{100}} = \frac{1+100\alpha}{1}I100​I0​​=11+100α​ So, 21.2=1+100α\frac{2}{1.2} = 1+100\alpha1.22​=1+100α 53=1+100α\frac{5}{3} = 1+100\alpha35​=1+100α 100α=23100\alpha = \frac{2}{3}100α=32​ α=1150\alpha = \frac{1}{150}α=1501​

  1. Find current at 50∘C50^\circ\text{C}50∘C

I50=I01+50αI_{50} = \frac{I_0}{1+50\alpha}I50​=1+50αI0​​ Substitute I0=2I_0=2I0​=2 A and α=1150\alpha=\frac{1}{150}α=1501​: I50=21+50⋅1150I_{50} = \frac{2}{1+50\cdot \frac{1}{150}}I50​=1+50⋅1501​2​ I50=21+13I_{50} = \frac{2}{1+\frac{1}{3}}I50​=1+31​2​ I50=243=32=1.5 AI_{50} = \frac{2}{\frac{4}{3}} = \frac{3}{2} = 1.5\text{ A}I50​=34​2​=23​=1.5 A

  1. Convert to the required form

1.5 A=1500 mA=15×102 mA1.5\text{ A} = 1500\text{ mA} = 15 \times 10^2\text{ mA}1.5 A=1500 mA=15×102 mA

So the required integer is 15\boxed{15}15​

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