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Current Electricity question

2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 2 · Q60
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  5. /2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 2 · Q60

Current Electricity question

2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 2 · Q60

JEE MainPhysicsCurrent ElectricityMCQ+4 / −1
The combination of two identical cells, whether connected in series or parallel combination provides the same current through an external resistance of 2 Ω\OmegaΩ. The value of internal resistance of each cell is
  1. A
    2 Ω\OmegaΩ
  2. B
    4 Ω\OmegaΩ
  3. C
    6 Ω\OmegaΩ
  4. D
    8 Ω\OmegaΩ
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Let each identical cell have

    • emf =E= E=E
    • internal resistance =r= r=r

    External resistance is given as R=2 ΩR = 2\,\OmegaR=2Ω

  2. Current when cells are in series

    For two identical cells in series:

    • equivalent emf =2E= 2E=2E
    • equivalent internal resistance =2r= 2r=2r

    So current through external resistance is Is=2ER+2rI_s = \frac{2E}{R+2r}Is​=R+2r2E​

  3. Current when cells are in parallel

    For two identical cells in parallel:

    • equivalent emf =E= E=E
    • equivalent internal resistance =r2= \frac{r}{2}=2r​

    So current through external resistance is Ip=ER+r2I_p = \frac{E}{R+\frac{r}{2}}Ip​=R+2r​E​

  4. Given both currents are same

    Is=IpI_s = I_pIs​=Ip​

    Therefore, 2ER+2r=ER+r2\frac{2E}{R+2r} = \frac{E}{R+\frac{r}{2}}R+2r2E​=R+2r​E​

  5. Cancel EEE and solve

    2R+2r=1R+r2\frac{2}{R+2r} = \frac{1}{R+\frac{r}{2}}R+2r2​=R+2r​1​

    Cross-multiplying, 2(R+r2)=R+2r2\left(R+\frac{r}{2}\right)=R+2r2(R+2r​)=R+2r

    2R+r=R+2r2R + r = R + 2r2R+r=R+2r

    R=rR = rR=r

  6. Substitute R=2 ΩR=2\,\OmegaR=2Ω

    r=2 Ωr = 2\,\Omegar=2Ω

  7. Check options

    • A: 2 Ω2\,\Omega2Ω ✅
    • B: 4 Ω4\,\Omega4Ω ❌
    • C: 6 Ω6\,\Omega6Ω ❌
    • D: 8 Ω8\,\Omega8Ω ❌

Hence, the internal resistance of each cell is 2 Ω\boxed{2\,\Omega}2Ω​

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