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Current Electricity question

2018 · Shift 0 · Q52
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Current Electricity question

2018 · Shift 0 · Q52

JEE MainPhysicsCurrent ElectricityMCQ+4 / −1
Two batteries with e.m.f 12 V and 13 V are connected in parallel across a load resistor of 10 Ω\OmegaΩ. The internal resistances of the two batteries are 1 Ω\OmegaΩ and 2 Ω\OmegaΩ respectively. The voltage across the load lies between :
  1. A
    11.7 V and 11.8 V
  2. B
    11.6 V and 11.7 V
  3. C
    11.5 V and 11.6 V
  4. D
    11.4 V and 11.5 V
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Let the common terminal voltage across the parallel combination and the load be VVV.

    Since both batteries are connected in parallel across the same load resistor, the voltage across each branch and across the load is the same, equal to VVV.

  2. Write current supplied by each battery.

    For a battery of emf EEE and internal resistance rrr, the current delivered at terminal voltage VVV is I=E−Vr.I = \frac{E - V}{r}.I=rE−V​.

    So for the two batteries:

    • First battery: E1=12 V, r1=1 ΩE_1=12\,\text{V},\ r_1=1\,\OmegaE1​=12V, r1​=1Ω I1=12−V1=12−VI_1 = \frac{12 - V}{1} = 12 - VI1​=112−V​=12−V
    • Second battery: E2=13 V, r2=2 ΩE_2=13\,\text{V},\ r_2=2\,\OmegaE2​=13V, r2​=2Ω I2=13−V2I_2 = \frac{13 - V}{2}I2​=213−V​
  3. Write current through the load resistor.

    Load resistance is R=10 ΩR=10\,\OmegaR=10Ω, so IL=V10.I_L = \frac{V}{10}.IL​=10V​.

  4. Apply Kirchhoff's current law.

    Total current supplied by the two batteries equals the load current: I1+I2=IL.I_1 + I_2 = I_L.I1​+I2​=IL​.

    Therefore, (12−V)+13−V2=V10.\left(12 - V\right) + \frac{13 - V}{2} = \frac{V}{10}.(12−V)+213−V​=10V​.

  5. Solve the equation.

    Multiply throughout by 101010: 10(12−V)+5(13−V)=V.10(12 - V) + 5(13 - V) = V.10(12−V)+5(13−V)=V.

    120−10V+65−5V=V120 - 10V + 65 - 5V = V120−10V+65−5V=V 185−15V=V185 - 15V = V185−15V=V 185=16V185 = 16V185=16V V=18516=11.5625 V.V = \frac{185}{16} = 11.5625\,\text{V}.V=16185​=11.5625V.

  6. Identify the correct interval.

    11.5<11.5625<11.611.5 < 11.5625 < 11.611.5<11.5625<11.6

    So the voltage across the load lies between 11.5 V11.5\,\text{V}11.5V and 11.6 V11.6\,\text{V}11.6V.

  7. Check options.

    • A: 11.711.711.7 to 11.811.811.8 ✗
    • B: 11.611.611.6 to 11.711.711.7 ✗
    • C: 11.511.511.5 to 11.611.611.6 ✓
    • D: 11.411.411.4 to 11.511.511.5 ✗

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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