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Alternating Current question

2022 · 24 Jun · Shift 1 · Q64
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Alternating Current question

2022 · 24 Jun · Shift 1 · Q64

JEE MainPhysicsAlternating CurrentNumerical+4 / −1
As shown in the figure an inductor of inductance 200 mH is connected to an AC source of emf 220 V and frequency 50 Hz. The instantaneous voltage of the source is 0 V when the peak value of current is aπ{{\sqrt a } \over \pi }πa​​ A. The value of aaa is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. JEE Main 2022 (Online) 24th June Morning Shift Physics - Alternating Current Question 79 English
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 242

  1. Given data
  • Inductance: L=200 mH=0.2 HL = 200\,\text{mH} = 0.2\,\text{H}L=200mH=0.2H
  • AC source rms voltage: Vrms=220 VV_{\text{rms}} = 220\,\text{V}Vrms​=220V
  • Frequency: f=50 Hzf = 50\,\text{Hz}f=50Hz

We need the peak current when the instantaneous source voltage is zero.

  1. Current in a pure inductor

For a pure inductor, current lags voltage by π2\dfrac{\pi}{2}2π​.

If v=V0sin⁡ωt,v = V_0 \sin \omega t,v=V0​sinωt, then i=I0sin⁡(ωt−π2).i = I_0 \sin\left(\omega t - \frac{\pi}{2}\right).i=I0​sin(ωt−2π​).

When the instantaneous voltage is zero, v=0  ⟹  sin⁡ωt=0.v=0 \implies \sin \omega t = 0.v=0⟹sinωt=0. At that instant, the current magnitude is maximum, i.e. equal to peak current I0I_0I0​.

So the asked current is simply the peak current.

  1. Inductive reactance

XL=ωL=2πfLX_L = \omega L = 2\pi f LXL​=ωL=2πfL

Substitute values: XL=2π⋅50⋅0.2=20π ΩX_L = 2\pi \cdot 50 \cdot 0.2 = 20\pi\,\OmegaXL​=2π⋅50⋅0.2=20πΩ

  1. RMS current

Irms=VrmsXL=22020π=11π AI_{\text{rms}} = \frac{V_{\text{rms}}}{X_L} = \frac{220}{20\pi} = \frac{11}{\pi}\,\text{A}Irms​=XL​Vrms​​=20π220​=π11​A

  1. Peak current

I0=2 Irms=2⋅11π=112πI_0 = \sqrt{2}\, I_{\text{rms}} = \sqrt{2}\cdot \frac{11}{\pi} = \frac{11\sqrt{2}}{\pi}I0​=2​Irms​=2​⋅π11​=π112​​

Given that this peak current is aπ A\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\pi}\,\text{A}πa​​A

So, a=112\sqrt{a} = 11\sqrt{2}a​=112​

Squaring both sides, a=121×2=242a = 121 \times 2 = 242a=121×2=242

  1. Final answer

242\boxed{242}242​

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