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Correct answer: 3
- Set up the problem
Let A relation on is any subset of .
We need relations such that:
- is reflexive
- is transitive
- is not symmetric
- Use reflexivity
Since is reflexive, it must contain:
Also given:
So currently, must contain at least
- Use transitivity
Because and , transitivity forces
So now the relation must contain
- Find the only pairs still optional
All possible ordered pairs in are:
Out of these, the first six are already forced. Hence the only pairs whose inclusion/exclusion is undecided are:
We now test all subsets of these three pairs, keeping transitivity valid.
- Case analysis
Let the forced set be
We may add any subset of , but transitivity may force more additions.
Case 1: Add none
Check transitivity: it already works. Also it is not symmetric because but .
So this gives 1 valid relation.
Case 2: Add only
Then Now from and , transitivity requires , already present. From and , transitivity requires , already present. From and , transitivity requires , already present. So transitivity still holds.
This relation is still not symmetric, since but .
So this gives 1 valid relation.
Case 3: Add only
Then From and , transitivity requires , already present. From and , transitivity requires , already present. From and , transitivity requires , already present. So transitivity holds.
This relation is not symmetric, since but .
So this gives 1 valid relation.
Case 4: Add only
Then Now and imply must be in , but it is not. So transitivity fails.
Hence this case is invalid.
Case 5: Add and
Then Now and imply must be in . But it is not included, so transitivity fails.
Hence this case is invalid unless is also added.
Case 6: Add and
Then Check transitivity:
- and imply must be in . But is absent. So transitivity fails.
Hence this case is invalid.
Case 7: Add and
Then Check transitivity:
- and imply must be in . But is absent. So transitivity fails.
Hence this case is invalid.
Case 8: Add all three:
Then This is reflexive, transitive, and symmetric. But we need not symmetric. So this case is invalid.
- Count valid relations
The valid cases are only:
Therefore, the number of such relations is
- Compare with stored answer
Stored correct answer:
Our derived answer is also , so they agree.
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