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Sets and Relations question

2023 · 15 Apr · Shift 1 · Q43
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Sets and Relations question

2023 · 15 Apr · Shift 1 · Q43

JEE MainMathematicsSets and RelationsNumerical+4 / −1
The number of elements in the set {n∈N:10≤n≤100\left\{n \in \mathbb{N}: 10 \leq n \leq 100\right.{n∈N:10≤n≤100 and 3n−33^{n}-33n−3 is a multiple of 7 }\}} is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 15

  1. We need to count natural numbers nnn such that 10≤n≤10010 \le n \le 10010≤n≤100 and 3n−33^n-33n−3 is divisible by 777.

  2. The divisibility condition is 3n−3≡0(mod7).3^n-3 \equiv 0 \pmod 7.3n−3≡0(mod7). So, 3n≡3(mod7).3^n \equiv 3 \pmod 7.3n≡3(mod7).

  3. Since 333 is invertible modulo 777, divide both sides by 333: 3n−1≡1(mod7).3^{n-1} \equiv 1 \pmod 7.3n−1≡1(mod7).

  4. Now find the order of 333 modulo 777: [ 3^1 \equiv 3 \pmod 7, \quad 3^2=9 \equiv 2 \pmod 7, \quad 3^3=27 \equiv 6 \pmod 7, \quad 3^4=81 \equiv 4 \pmod 7, \quad 3^5=243 \equiv 5 \pmod 7, \quad 3^6=729 \equiv 1 \pmod 7. ] Hence the order of 333 modulo 777 is 666.

  5. Therefore, 3n−1≡1(mod7)3^{n-1} \equiv 1 \pmod 73n−1≡1(mod7) iff n−1≡0(mod6).n-1 \equiv 0 \pmod 6.n−1≡0(mod6). So, n≡1(mod6).n \equiv 1 \pmod 6.n≡1(mod6).

  6. Now count numbers between 101010 and 100100100 of the form n=6k+1.n=6k+1.n=6k+1. The first such number ≥10\ge 10≥10 is 131313, and the last such number ≤100\le 100≤100 is 979797.

    So the sequence is 13,19,25,31,37,43,49,55,61,67,73,79,85,91,97.13,19,25,31,37,43,49,55,61,67,73,79,85,91,97.13,19,25,31,37,43,49,55,61,67,73,79,85,91,97.

  7. Number of terms: 97−136+1=846+1=14+1=15.\frac{97-13}{6}+1=\frac{84}{6}+1=14+1=15.697−13​+1=684​+1=14+1=15.

Therefore, the required number of elements is 15.15.15.

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