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Sequences and Series question

2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 1 · Q29
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  5. /2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 1 · Q29

Sequences and Series question

2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 1 · Q29

JEE MainMathematicsSequences and SeriesMCQ+4 / −1
Consider an A. P. of positive integers, whose sum of the first three terms is 54 and the sum of the first twenty terms lies between 1600 and 1800. Then its 11th term is :
  1. A
    108
  2. B
    90
  3. C
    122
  4. D
    84
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Let the A.P. be a, a+d, a+2d, …a,\, a+d,\, a+2d,\, \dotsa,a+d,a+2d,… where aaa is the first term and ddd is the common difference.

  2. Use the sum of the first three terms Given: a+(a+d)+(a+2d)=54a+(a+d)+(a+2d)=54a+(a+d)+(a+2d)=54 3a+3d=543a+3d=543a+3d=54 a+d=18a+d=18a+d=18

    But the second term of the A.P. is a+da+da+d, so the second term is 181818.

  3. Use the condition on the sum of the first 20 terms Sum of first 202020 terms: S20=202[2a+19d]=10(2a+19d)S_{20}=\frac{20}{2}[2a+19d]=10(2a+19d)S20​=220​[2a+19d]=10(2a+19d)

    Since a+d=18a+d=18a+d=18, we have: a=18−da=18-da=18−d

    Substitute into S20S_{20}S20​: S20=10(2(18−d)+19d)S_{20}=10\big(2(18-d)+19d\big)S20​=10(2(18−d)+19d) S20=10(36−2d+19d)S_{20}=10(36-2d+19d)S20​=10(36−2d+19d) S20=10(36+17d)=360+170dS_{20}=10(36+17d)=360+170dS20​=10(36+17d)=360+170d

    Given: 1600<S20<18001600<S_{20}<18001600<S20​<1800 so, 1600<360+170d<18001600<360+170d<18001600<360+170d<1800

  4. Solve the inequality Subtract 360360360 throughout: 1240<170d<14401240<170d<14401240<170d<1440

    Divide by 170170170: 1240170<d<1440170\frac{1240}{170}<d<\frac{1440}{170}1701240​<d<1701440​ 7.294⋯<d<8.470…7.294\dots<d<8.470\dots7.294⋯<d<8.470…

    Since the A.P. consists of positive integers, ddd must be an integer. Hence, d=8d=8d=8

  5. Find the first term a=18−d=18−8=10a=18-d=18-8=10a=18−d=18−8=10

  6. Find the 11th term T11=a+10d=10+10(8)=90T_{11}=a+10d=10+10(8)=90T11​=a+10d=10+10(8)=90

  7. Check with options T11=90T_{11}=90T11​=90 So the correct option is B.

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