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Sequences and Series question

2023 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q43
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Sequences and Series question

2023 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q43

JEE MainMathematicsSequences and SeriesNumerical+4 / −1
The sum of the common terms of the following three arithmetic progressions. 3,7,11,15,….,3993,7,11,15, \ldots ., 3993,7,11,15,….,399, 2,5,8,11,….,3592,5,8,11, \ldots ., 3592,5,8,11,….,359 and 2,7,12,17,….,1972,7,12,17, \ldots ., 1972,7,12,17,….,197, is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 321

  1. Write the three APs in general form
  • First AP: 3,7,11,15,…,3993,7,11,15,\dots,3993,7,11,15,…,399

    This has first term 333 and common difference 444. So its general term is a1=3+4k(k≥0).a_1=3+4k \quad (k\ge 0).a1​=3+4k(k≥0). Hence terms satisfy x≡3(mod4).x\equiv 3 \pmod 4.x≡3(mod4).

  • Second AP: 2,5,8,11,…,3592,5,8,11,\dots,3592,5,8,11,…,359

    First term 222, common difference 333. So a2=2+3m(m≥0),a_2=2+3m \quad (m\ge 0),a2​=2+3m(m≥0), hence x≡2(mod3).x\equiv 2 \pmod 3.x≡2(mod3).

  • Third AP: 2,7,12,17,…,1972,7,12,17,\dots,1972,7,12,17,…,197

    First term 222, common difference 555. So a3=2+5n(n≥0),a_3=2+5n \quad (n\ge 0),a3​=2+5n(n≥0), hence x≡2(mod5).x\equiv 2 \pmod 5.x≡2(mod5).

We need numbers common to all three APs.


  1. Solve the congruences

A common term xxx must satisfy: x≡3(mod4),x≡2(mod3),x≡2(mod5).x\equiv 3 \pmod 4, \quad x\equiv 2 \pmod 3, \quad x\equiv 2 \pmod 5.x≡3(mod4),x≡2(mod3),x≡2(mod5).

Since x≡2(mod3)andx≡2(mod5),x\equiv 2 \pmod 3 \quad \text{and} \quad x\equiv 2 \pmod 5,x≡2(mod3)andx≡2(mod5), we get x≡2(mod15).x\equiv 2 \pmod{15}.x≡2(mod15).

So let x=15t+2.x=15t+2.x=15t+2.

Now impose 15t+2≡3(mod4).15t+2\equiv 3 \pmod 4.15t+2≡3(mod4). Since 15≡3(mod4)15\equiv 3 \pmod 415≡3(mod4), this gives 3t+2≡3(mod4)3t+2\equiv 3 \pmod 43t+2≡3(mod4) 3t≡1(mod4).3t\equiv 1 \pmod 4.3t≡1(mod4).

As 3≡−1(mod4)3\equiv -1 \pmod 43≡−1(mod4), we get −t≡1(mod4)  ⟹  t≡3(mod4).-t\equiv 1 \pmod 4 \implies t\equiv 3 \pmod 4.−t≡1(mod4)⟹t≡3(mod4).

So t=4r+3.t=4r+3.t=4r+3.

Hence x=15(4r+3)+2=60r+47.x=15(4r+3)+2=60r+47.x=15(4r+3)+2=60r+47.

Therefore, the common terms form an AP: 47,107,167,227,287,347,…47,107,167,227,287,347,\dots47,107,167,227,287,347,… with common difference 606060.


  1. Find which of these lie in all the given finite APs

A common term must not exceed the last term of any of the three lists. The smallest last term is 197197197 (from the third AP), so we only need common terms ≤197\le 197≤197.

From 47,107,167,227,…47,107,167,227,\dots47,107,167,227,… those not exceeding 197197197 are: 47,107,167.47,107,167.47,107,167.

So the common terms are exactly these three.


  1. Find their sum

47+107+167=154+167=321.47+107+167 = 154+167 = 321.47+107+167=154+167=321.

Thus, the required sum is 321.\boxed{321}.321​.


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer = 321321321.

Our derived answer is also 321321321, so it agrees.

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