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Sequences and Series question

2022 · 27 Jun · Shift 1 · Q22
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  5. /2022 · 27 Jun · Shift 1 · Q22

Sequences and Series question

2022 · 27 Jun · Shift 1 · Q22

JEE MainMathematicsSequences and SeriesMCQ+4 / −1
x=∑n=0∞an,y=∑n=0∞bn,z=∑n=0∞cnx = \sum\limits_{n = 0}^\infty {{a^n},y = \sum\limits_{n = 0}^\infty {{b^n},z = \sum\limits_{n = 0}^\infty {{c^n}} } }x=n=0∑∞​an,y=n=0∑∞​bn,z=n=0∑∞​cn, where a, b, c are in A.P. and |a| < 1, |b| < 1, |c| < 1, abc eee 0, then :
  1. A
    x, y, z are in A.P.
  2. B
    x, y, z are in G.P.
  3. C
    1x{1 \over x}x1​, 1y{1 \over y}y1​, 1z{1 \over z}z1​ are in A.P.
  4. D
    1x{1 \over x}x1​+1y{1 \over y}y1​+1z{1 \over z}z1​= 1 −-− (a + b + c)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Evaluate the infinite sums

Given x=∑n=0∞an,y=∑n=0∞bn,z=∑n=0∞cnx=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} a^n,\qquad y=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} b^n,\qquad z=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} c^nx=∑n=0∞​an,y=∑n=0∞​bn,z=∑n=0∞​cn with ∣a∣,∣b∣,∣c∣<1|a|,|b|,|c|<1∣a∣,∣b∣,∣c∣<1, each is a convergent geometric series.

So, x=11−a,y=11−b,z=11−c.x=\frac{1}{1-a},\qquad y=\frac{1}{1-b},\qquad z=\frac{1}{1-c}.x=1−a1​,y=1−b1​,z=1−c1​.

Hence, 1x=1−a,1y=1−b,1z=1−c.\frac1x=1-a,\qquad \frac1y=1-b,\qquad \frac1z=1-c.x1​=1−a,y1​=1−b,z1​=1−c.


  1. Use the condition that a,b,ca,b,ca,b,c are in A.P.

Since a,b,ca,b,ca,b,c are in arithmetic progression, 2b=a+c.2b=a+c.2b=a+c.

Now consider 1x=1−a,1y=1−b,1z=1−c.\frac1x=1-a,\quad \frac1y=1-b,\quad \frac1z=1-c.x1​=1−a,y1​=1−b,z1​=1−c.

Check whether these are in A.P.: 2(1y)=2(1−b)=2−2b,2\left(\frac1y\right)=2(1-b)=2-2b,2(y1​)=2(1−b)=2−2b, and 1x+1z=(1−a)+(1−c)=2−(a+c).\frac1x+\frac1z=(1-a)+(1-c)=2-(a+c).x1​+z1​=(1−a)+(1−c)=2−(a+c).

But a+c=2ba+c=2ba+c=2b, so 1x+1z=2−2b=2(1y).\frac1x+\frac1z=2-2b=2\left(\frac1y\right).x1​+z1​=2−2b=2(y1​).

Therefore, 1x,1y,1z\frac1x,\frac1y,\frac1zx1​,y1​,z1​ are in A.P.

So Option C is correct.


  1. Check the other options

Option A: x,y,zx,y,zx,y,z are in A.P.

This would require 2y=x+z,2y=x+z,2y=x+z, i.e. 21−b=11−a+11−c.\frac{2}{1-b}=\frac{1}{1-a}+\frac{1}{1-c}.1−b2​=1−a1​+1−c1​. This is not true in general.

Counterexample: take a=0.1,b=0.2,c=0.3a=0.1, b=0.2, c=0.3a=0.1,b=0.2,c=0.3 (which are in A.P.). Then x=10.9,y=10.8,z=10.7.x=\frac1{0.9},\quad y=\frac1{0.8},\quad z=\frac1{0.7}.x=0.91​,y=0.81​,z=0.71​. Numerically, x≈1.111, y=1.25, z≈1.429.x\approx1.111,\ y=1.25,\ z\approx1.429.x≈1.111, y=1.25, z≈1.429. Then 2y=2.5,x+z≈2.54,2y=2.5,\qquad x+z\approx2.54,2y=2.5,x+z≈2.54, not equal.

So A is false.

Option B: x,y,zx,y,zx,y,z are in G.P.

This would require y2=xz,y^2=xz,y2=xz, i.e. 1(1−b)2=1(1−a)(1−c).\frac{1}{(1-b)^2}=\frac{1}{(1-a)(1-c)}.(1−b)21​=(1−a)(1−c)1​. Equivalently, (1−b)2=(1−a)(1−c),(1-b)^2=(1-a)(1-c),(1−b)2=(1−a)(1−c), which is not generally true.

Using the same example a=0.1,b=0.2,c=0.3a=0.1,b=0.2,c=0.3a=0.1,b=0.2,c=0.3, y2=(1.25)2=1.5625,y^2=(1.25)^2=1.5625,y2=(1.25)2=1.5625, while xz≈1.111×1.429≈1.587.xz\approx1.111\times1.429\approx1.587.xz≈1.111×1.429≈1.587. Not equal.

So B is false.

Option D: 1x+1y+1z=1−(a+b+c)\frac1x+\frac1y+\frac1z=1-(a+b+c)x1​+y1​+z1​=1−(a+b+c)

But 1x+1y+1z=(1−a)+(1−b)+(1−c)=3−(a+b+c).\frac1x+\frac1y+\frac1z=(1-a)+(1-b)+(1-c)=3-(a+b+c).x1​+y1​+z1​=(1−a)+(1−b)+(1−c)=3−(a+b+c). This is not equal to 1−(a+b+c)1-(a+b+c)1−(a+b+c).

So D is false.


  1. Conclusion

The only correct option is C.\boxed{\text{C}}.C​.

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