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Quadratic Equation and Inequalities question

2025 · 4 Apr · Shift 1 · Q30
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Quadratic Equation and Inequalities question

2025 · 4 Apr · Shift 1 · Q30

JEE MainMathematicsQuadratic Equation and InequalitiesMCQ+4 / −1
Consider the equation x2+4x−n=0x^2+4 x-n=0x2+4x−n=0, where n∈[20,100]n \in[20,100]n∈[20,100] is a natural number. Then the number of all distinct values of nnn, for which the given equation has integral roots, is equal to
  1. A
    6
  2. B
    5
  3. C
    8
  4. D
    7
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given quadratic equation

    x2+4x−n=0x^2+4x-n=0x2+4x−n=0

    We need the values of natural number n∈[20,100]n \in [20,100]n∈[20,100] such that the equation has integral roots.

  2. Condition for integral roots

    For the quadratic x2+4x−n=0,x^2+4x-n=0,x2+4x−n=0, if roots are integers, then the discriminant must be a perfect square.

    Discriminant: D=b2−4ac=42−4(1)(−n)=16+4n=4(n+4)D=b^2-4ac=4^2-4(1)(-n)=16+4n=4(n+4)D=b2−4ac=42−4(1)(−n)=16+4n=4(n+4)

    So, D=4(n+4)D=4(n+4)D=4(n+4)

    For roots to be integers, D=4(n+4)=2n+4\sqrt{D}=\sqrt{4(n+4)}=2\sqrt{n+4}D​=4(n+4)​=2n+4​ must be an integer. Hence n+4n+4n+4 must be a perfect square.

    Let n+4=k2n+4=k^2n+4=k2 where kkk is a positive integer.

    Then n=k2−4n=k^2-4n=k2−4

  3. Apply the range of nnn

    Since 20≤n≤100,20 \le n \le 100,20≤n≤100, we get 20≤k2−4≤10020 \le k^2-4 \le 10020≤k2−4≤100

    Adding 444 throughout: 24≤k2≤10424 \le k^2 \le 10424≤k2≤104

    Now list perfect squares in this interval: 25,36,49,64,81,10025,36,49,64,81,10025,36,49,64,81,100

    Thus possible values of k2k^2k2 are these 6 numbers.

  4. Corresponding values of nnn

    n=25−4=21n=25-4=21n=25−4=21 n=36−4=32n=36-4=32n=36−4=32 n=49−4=45n=49-4=45n=49−4=45 n=64−4=60n=64-4=60n=64−4=60 n=81−4=77n=81-4=77n=81−4=77 n=100−4=96n=100-4=96n=100−4=96

    Total number of distinct values of nnn is 666

  5. Check roots are indeed integers

    Roots are x=−4±16+4n2=−4±2k2=−2±kx=\frac{-4\pm\sqrt{16+4n}}{2}=\frac{-4\pm 2k}{2}=-2\pm kx=2−4±16+4n​​=2−4±2k​=−2±k

    Since kkk is an integer, both roots are integers. So all above values are valid.

  6. Conclusion

    The required number of values of nnn is 666

    Therefore, the correct option is A.

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