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Quadratic Equation and Inequalities question

2019 · 12 Apr · Shift 2 · Q27
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  5. /2019 · 12 Apr · Shift 2 · Q27

Quadratic Equation and Inequalities question

2019 · 12 Apr · Shift 2 · Q27

JEE MainMathematicsQuadratic Equation and InequalitiesMCQ+4 / −1
If α\alphaα, β\betaβ and γ\gammaγ are three consecutive terms of a non-constant G.P. such that the equations α\alphaα x 2 + 2 β\betaβ x + γ\gammaγ= 0 and x2 + x – 1 = 0 have a common root, then α\alphaα(β\betaβ+γ\gammaγ) is equal to :
  1. A
    αγ\alpha \gammaαγ
  2. B
    0
  3. C
    βγ\beta \gammaβγ
  4. D
    αβ\alpha \betaαβ
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Since α,β,γ\alpha,\beta,\gammaα,β,γ are three consecutive terms of a non-constant G.P., we have β2=αγ\beta^2=\alpha\gammaβ2=αγ and the common ratio is not 111.

  2. Let the common root of αx2+2βx+γ=0\alpha x^2+2\beta x+\gamma=0αx2+2βx+γ=0 and x2+x−1=0x^2+x-1=0x2+x−1=0 be rrr.

Then rrr satisfies r2+r−1=0  ⟹  r2=1−r.r^2+r-1=0 \implies r^2=1-r.r2+r−1=0⟹r2=1−r.

  1. Substitute this into the first equation: αr2+2βr+γ=0\alpha r^2+2\beta r+\gamma=0αr2+2βr+γ=0 α(1−r)+2βr+γ=0\alpha(1-r)+2\beta r+\gamma=0α(1−r)+2βr+γ=0 α+γ+r(2β−α)=0.\alpha+\gamma+r(2\beta-\alpha)=0.α+γ+r(2β−α)=0.

So, r=−α+γ2β−α.r=-\frac{\alpha+\gamma}{2\beta-\alpha}.r=−2β−αα+γ​.

But also rrr is a root of x2+x−1=0x^2+x-1=0x2+x−1=0, so eliminating rrr is easier by using the fact that any common root implies the two quadratics have a common factor.

Since x2+x−1=0x^2+x-1=0x2+x−1=0 is irreducible over general coefficients and has roots r1,r2r_1,r_2r1​,r2​, let one of them be common. Write αx2+2βx+γ=k(x−r)(x−s),\alpha x^2+2\beta x+\gamma = k(x-r)(x-s),αx2+2βx+γ=k(x−r)(x−s), with rrr a root of x2+x−1=0x^2+x-1=0x2+x−1=0.

A cleaner way is to use the relation for roots of x2+x−1=0x^2+x-1=0x2+x−1=0: If rrr is a root, then the other root is −1−r-1-r−1−r and r+1r=−1.r+\frac1r=-1.r+r1​=−1. Also from the first equation, αr2+2βr+γ=0.\alpha r^2+2\beta r+\gamma=0.αr2+2βr+γ=0. Dividing by rrr (since r≠0r\neq 0r=0), αr+2β+γr=0.\alpha r+2\beta+\frac{\gamma}{r}=0.αr+2β+rγ​=0.

Using G.P., let β=αq,γ=αq2,\beta=\alpha q,\qquad \gamma=\alpha q^2,β=αq,γ=αq2, with q≠1q\neq 1q=1. Then the first equation becomes α(x2+2qx+q2)=0\alpha(x^2+2qx+q^2)=0α(x2+2qx+q2)=0 α(x+q)2=0.\alpha(x+q)^2=0.α(x+q)2=0. So its only root is x=−q.x=-q.x=−q.

  1. Since this has a common root with x2+x−1=0x^2+x-1=0x2+x−1=0, we must have (−q)2+(−q)−1=0(-q)^2+(-q)-1=0(−q)2+(−q)−1=0 q2−q−1=0.q^2-q-1=0.q2−q−1=0.

  2. Now compute α(β+γ)=α(αq+αq2)=α2(q+q2)=α2q(1+q).\alpha(\beta+\gamma)=\alpha(\alpha q+\alpha q^2)=\alpha^2(q+q^2)=\alpha^2 q(1+q).α(β+γ)=α(αq+αq2)=α2(q+q2)=α2q(1+q).

From q2−q−1=0q^2-q-1=0q2−q−1=0, q2=q+1  ⟹  1+q=q2.q^2=q+1 \implies 1+q=q^2.q2=q+1⟹1+q=q2. Hence α(β+γ)=α2q⋅q2=α2q3.\alpha(\beta+\gamma)=\alpha^2 q\cdot q^2=\alpha^2 q^3.α(β+γ)=α2q⋅q2=α2q3.

Now, βγ=(αq)(αq2)=α2q3.\beta\gamma=(\alpha q)(\alpha q^2)=\alpha^2 q^3.βγ=(αq)(αq2)=α2q3. Therefore, α(β+γ)=βγ.\boxed{\alpha(\beta+\gamma)=\beta\gamma}. α(β+γ)=βγ​.

  1. Checking options:
  • A: αγ=α2q2\alpha\gamma=\alpha^2q^2αγ=α2q2 — not equal in general
  • B: 000 — not true in general
  • C: βγ\beta\gammaβγ — correct
  • D: αβ=α2q\alpha\beta=\alpha^2qαβ=α2q — not equal in general

So the correct option is C.

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