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Probability question

2022 · 28 Jun · Shift 1 · Q34
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Probability question

2022 · 28 Jun · Shift 1 · Q34

JEE MainMathematicsProbabilityMCQ+4 / −1
The probability, that in a randomly selected 3-digit number at least two digits are odd, is :
  1. A
    1936{{19} \over {36}}3619​
  2. B
    1536{{15} \over {36}}3615​
  3. C
    1336{{13} \over {36}}3613​
  4. D
    2336{{23} \over {36}}3623​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Total number of 3-digit numbers

A 3-digit number ranges from 100100100 to 999999999. So, total number of 3-digit numbers is 999−100+1=900.999-100+1=900.999−100+1=900.

  1. Classify digits as odd/even
  • Odd digits: 1,3,5,7,91,3,5,7,91,3,5,7,9 Rightarrow5 Rightarrow 5Rightarrow5 choices
  • Even digits: 0,2,4,6,80,2,4,6,80,2,4,6,8 Rightarrow5 Rightarrow 5Rightarrow5 choices

But for the hundreds digit, 000 is not allowed. So among digits 111 to 999:

  • Odd hundreds digits: 1,3,5,7,91,3,5,7,91,3,5,7,9 Rightarrow5 Rightarrow 5Rightarrow5 choices
  • Even hundreds digits: 2,4,6,82,4,6,82,4,6,8 Rightarrow4 Rightarrow 4Rightarrow4 choices
  1. We need: at least two digits are odd

This means either:

  • exactly 222 digits are odd, or
  • all 333 digits are odd.

Case 1: Exactly 2 digits are odd

We count according to which digit is even.

(i) Hundreds digit even, tens and units odd

  • Hundreds digit: 444 choices (2,4,6,82,4,6,82,4,6,8)
  • Tens digit: 555 odd choices
  • Units digit: 555 odd choices

Number of such numbers: 4×5×5=100.4\times 5\times 5=100.4×5×5=100.

(ii) Tens digit even, hundreds and units odd

  • Hundreds digit: 555 odd choices
  • Tens digit: 555 even choices (0,2,4,6,80,2,4,6,80,2,4,6,8)
  • Units digit: 555 odd choices

Number of such numbers: 5×5×5=125.5\times 5\times 5=125.5×5×5=125.

(iii) Units digit even, hundreds and tens odd

  • Hundreds digit: 555 odd choices
  • Tens digit: 555 odd choices
  • Units digit: 555 even choices

Number of such numbers: 5×5×5=125.5\times 5\times 5=125.5×5×5=125.

So, total with exactly 2 odd digits: 100+125+125=350.100+125+125=350.100+125+125=350.


Case 2: All 3 digits are odd

  • Hundreds digit: 555 choices
  • Tens digit: 555 choices
  • Units digit: 555 choices

Number of such numbers: 5×5×5=125.5\times 5\times 5=125.5×5×5=125.


  1. Favourable numbers

Total favourable numbers: 350+125=475.350+125=475.350+125=475.

  1. Required probability

P=\frac{475}{900}= rac{19}{36}.

  1. Compare with options

1936\frac{19}{36}3619​ matches Option A.

  1. Comparison with stored correct answer

Stored correct answer is A, which matches our result.

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