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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 25 Jan · Shift 2 · Q40
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Permutations and Combinations question

2023 · 25 Jan · Shift 2 · Q40

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsNumerical+4 / −1
A triangle is formed by X-axis, Y-axis and the line 3x+4y=603x+4y=603x+4y=60. Then the number of points P(a, b) which lie strictly inside the triangle, where a is an integer and b is a multiple of a, is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 31

  1. Find the triangle region

The line is 3x+4y=603x+4y=603x+4y=60 with intercepts:

  • on the xxx-axis: y=0⇒x=20y=0 \Rightarrow x=20y=0⇒x=20
  • on the yyy-axis: x=0⇒y=15x=0 \Rightarrow y=15x=0⇒y=15

So the triangle is bounded by: x=0,y=0,3x+4y=60x=0,\quad y=0,\quad 3x+4y=60x=0,y=0,3x+4y=60

Points strictly inside satisfy x>0,y>0,3x+4y<60x>0,\quad y>0,\quad 3x+4y<60x>0,y>0,3x+4y<60

We want points P(a,b)P(a,b)P(a,b) such that:

  • aaa is an integer
  • bbb is a multiple of aaa, i.e. b=kab=kab=ka for some positive integer kkk
  • and (a,b)(a,b)(a,b) lies strictly inside the triangle.

  1. Use the condition bbb is a multiple of aaa

Let b=ka,b=ka,b=ka, where k∈Z>0k\in \mathbb{Z}_{>0}k∈Z>0​ since b>0b>0b>0 inside the triangle.

Substitute into the inequality: 3a+4b<603a+4b<603a+4b<60 3a+4ka<603a+4ka<603a+4ka<60 a(3+4k)<60a(3+4k)<60a(3+4k)<60

For each positive integer kkk, the number of positive integers aaa satisfying this is: a<603+4ka<\frac{60}{3+4k}a<3+4k60​


  1. Count possible values of aaa for each kkk

We need positive integers aaa such that a<603+4k.a<\frac{60}{3+4k}.a<3+4k60​. Also kkk must be such that at least a=1a=1a=1 is possible: 3+4k<60⇒4k<57⇒k≤14.3+4k<60 \Rightarrow 4k<57 \Rightarrow k\le 14.3+4k<60⇒4k<57⇒k≤14.

Now count for k=1k=1k=1 to 141414:

k=1k=1k=1

a<607=8.57…a<\frac{60}{7}=8.57\ldotsa<760​=8.57… So a=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8a=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8a=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 : 888 values

k=2k=2k=2

a<6011=5.45…a<\frac{60}{11}=5.45\ldotsa<1160​=5.45… So a=1,2,3,4,5a=1,2,3,4,5a=1,2,3,4,5 : 555 values

k=3k=3k=3

a<6015=4a<\frac{60}{15}=4a<1560​=4 Strictly less, so a=1,2,3a=1,2,3a=1,2,3 : 333 values

k=4k=4k=4

a<6019=3.15…a<\frac{60}{19}=3.15\ldotsa<1960​=3.15… So a=1,2,3a=1,2,3a=1,2,3 : 333 values

k=5k=5k=5

a<6023=2.60…a<\frac{60}{23}=2.60\ldotsa<2360​=2.60… So a=1,2a=1,2a=1,2 : 222 values

k=6k=6k=6

a<6027=2.22…a<\frac{60}{27}=2.22\ldotsa<2760​=2.22… So a=1,2a=1,2a=1,2 : 222 values

k=7k=7k=7

a<6031=1.93…a<\frac{60}{31}=1.93\ldotsa<3160​=1.93… So a=1a=1a=1 : 111 value

k=8k=8k=8

a<6035=1.71…a<\frac{60}{35}=1.71\ldotsa<3560​=1.71… So a=1a=1a=1 : 111 value

k=9k=9k=9

a<6039=1.53…a<\frac{60}{39}=1.53\ldotsa<3960​=1.53… So a=1a=1a=1 : 111 value

k=10k=10k=10

a<6043=1.39…a<\frac{60}{43}=1.39\ldotsa<4360​=1.39… So a=1a=1a=1 : 111 value

k=11k=11k=11

a<6047=1.27…a<\frac{60}{47}=1.27\ldotsa<4760​=1.27… So a=1a=1a=1 : 111 value

k=12k=12k=12

a<6051=1.17…a<\frac{60}{51}=1.17\ldotsa<5160​=1.17… So a=1a=1a=1 : 111 value

k=13k=13k=13

a<6055=1.09…a<\frac{60}{55}=1.09\ldotsa<5560​=1.09… So a=1a=1a=1 : 111 value

k=14k=14k=14

a<6059=1.01…a<\frac{60}{59}=1.01\ldotsa<5960​=1.01… So a=1a=1a=1 : 111 value


  1. Add all counts

Total number of points: 8+5+3+3+2+2+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+18+5+3+3+2+2+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+18+5+3+3+2+2+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1

First sum larger terms: 8+5+3+3+2+2=238+5+3+3+2+2=238+5+3+3+2+2=23 Remaining eight 111's give: 23+8=3123+8=3123+8=31

Thus the required number of points is 31\boxed{31}31​


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer = 313131

Our derived answer is also 313131, so it agrees.

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