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Matrices and Determinants question

2025 · 24 Jan · Shift 2 · Q33
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Matrices and Determinants question

2025 · 24 Jan · Shift 2 · Q33

JEE MainMathematicsMatrices and DeterminantsMCQ+4 / −1
If the system of equations x+2y−3z=22x+λy+5z=514x+3y+μz=33\begin{aligned} & x+2 y-3 z=2 \\ & 2 x+\lambda y+5 z=5 \\ & 14 x+3 y+\mu z=33 \end{aligned}​x+2y−3z=22x+λy+5z=514x+3y+μz=33​ has infinitely many solutions, then λ+μ\lambda+\muλ+μ is equal to :
  1. A
    13
  2. B
    10
  3. C
    12
  4. D
    11
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. For a system of 3 linear equations in 3 variables to have infinitely many solutions, the equations must be consistent and dependent.

    So the third equation must be a linear combination of the first two, and the coefficient matrix must be singular.

  2. Write the equations:

    x+2y-3z&=2 \[4pt] 2x+\lambda y+5z&=5 \[4pt] 14x+3y+\mu z&=33 \end{aligned}$$
  3. Assume the third equation is obtained as a linear combination of the first two: a(x+2y−3z=2)+b(2x+λy+5z=5)=14x+3y+μz=33a(x+2y-3z=2)+b(2x+\lambda y+5z=5)=14x+3y+\mu z=33a(x+2y−3z=2)+b(2x+λy+5z=5)=14x+3y+μz=33

    Comparing coefficients, we get: a+2b=14...(1)a+2b=14 \quad ...(1)a+2b=14...(1) 2a+λb=3...(2)2a+\lambda b=3 \quad ...(2)2a+λb=3...(2) −3a+5b=μ...(3)-3a+5b=\mu \quad ...(3)−3a+5b=μ...(3) 2a+5b=33...(4)2a+5b=33 \quad ...(4)2a+5b=33...(4)

  4. Solve for aaa and bbb using (1) and (4):

    From (1): a=14−2ba=14-2ba=14−2b

    Substitute into (4): 2(14−2b)+5b=332(14-2b)+5b=332(14−2b)+5b=33 28−4b+5b=3328-4b+5b=3328−4b+5b=33 b=5b=5b=5

    Then a=14−2(5)=4a=14-2(5)=4a=14−2(5)=4

  5. Now use (2) to find λ\lambdaλ: 2a+λb=32a+\lambda b=32a+λb=3 2(4)+5λ=32(4)+5\lambda=32(4)+5λ=3 8+5λ=38+5\lambda=38+5λ=3 5λ=−55\lambda=-55λ=−5 λ=−1\lambda=-1λ=−1

  6. Use (3) to find μ\muμ: μ=−3a+5b\mu=-3a+5bμ=−3a+5b μ=−3(4)+5(5)\mu=-3(4)+5(5)μ=−3(4)+5(5) μ=−12+25=13\mu=-12+25=13μ=−12+25=13

  7. Therefore, λ+μ=−1+13=12\lambda+\mu=-1+13=12λ+μ=−1+13=12

  8. Hence the correct option is: 12\boxed{12}12​ which is Option C.

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