- Write the given equation
We need to solve
cos−1(x)−2sin−1(x)=cos−1(2x)
with principal values.
- Determine the domain
For the inverse trigonometric functions to be defined:
- sin−1(x) requires x∈[−1,1]
- cos−1(x) requires x∈[−1,1]
- cos−1(2x) requires 2x∈[−1,1]⇒x∈[−21,21]
So overall,
x∈[−21,21].
- Use the identity relating sin−1x and cos−1x
For principal values,
sin−1(x)+cos−1(x)=2π.
Hence,
cos−1(x)=2π−sin−1(x).
Substitute into the equation:
(2π−sin−1(x))−2sin−1(x)=cos−1(2x).
So,
2π−3sin−1(x)=cos−1(2x).
Now use
cos−1(2x)=2π−sin−1(2x)
(valid for principal values, since 2x∈[−1,1]).
Thus,
2π−3sin−1(x)=2π−sin−1(2x).
Therefore,
3sin−1(x)=sin−1(2x).
- Let
θ=sin−1(x).
Then
x=sinθ,
where
θ∈[−6π,6π]
because x∈[−21,21].
The equation becomes
sin−1(2x)=3θ.
Taking sine on both sides is valid because both sides lie in principal range:
- sin−1(2x)∈[−2π,2π]
- 3θ∈[−2π,2π]
So,
2x=sin(3θ).
But x=sinθ, hence
2sinθ=sin3θ.
Using
sin3θ=3sinθ−4sin3θ,
we get
2sinθ=3sinθ−4sin3θ.
Thus,
0=sinθ−4sin3θ
sinθ(1−4sin2θ)=0.
Since x=sinθ,
x(1−4x2)=0.
So the possible solutions are
x=0,x=21,x=−21.
- Verify each solution in the original equation
cos−1(0)−2sin−1(0)=2π−0=2π,
cos−1(0)=2π.
Valid.
cos−1(21)−2sin−1(21)=3π−2⋅6π=0,
cos−1(1)=0.
Valid.
- For x=−21:
cos−1(−21)−2sin−1(−21)=32π−2(−6π)=π,
cos−1(−1)=π.
Valid.
So all three are solutions.
- Find the sum of all solutions
0+21−21=0.
- Compare with the given options
The sum is
0.
So the correct option is A.