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Functions question

2025 · 23 Jan · Shift 1 · Q29
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  5. /2025 · 23 Jan · Shift 1 · Q29

Functions question

2025 · 23 Jan · Shift 1 · Q29

JEE MainMathematicsFunctionsMCQ+4 / −1
Let f(x)=log⁡exf(x)=\log _{\mathrm{e}} xf(x)=loge​x and g(x)=x4−2x3+3x2−2x+22x2−2x+1g(x)=\frac{x^4-2 x^3+3 x^2-2 x+2}{2 x^2-2 x+1}g(x)=2x2−2x+1x4−2x3+3x2−2x+2​. Then the domain of f∘gf \circ gf∘g is
  1. A
    (0,∞)(0, \infty)(0,∞)
  2. B
    [1,∞)[1, \infty)[1,∞)
  3. C
    R\mathbb{R}R
  4. D
    [0,∞)[0, \infty)[0,∞)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. We need the domain of the composite function (f∘g)(x)=f(g(x))=ln⁡(g(x)).(f\circ g)(x)=f(g(x))=\ln(g(x)).(f∘g)(x)=f(g(x))=ln(g(x)).

    Since ln⁡t\ln tlnt is defined only for t>0,t>0,t>0, the domain of f∘gf\circ gf∘g is the set of all real xxx for which g(x)>0.g(x)>0.g(x)>0.

  2. Given g(x)=x4−2x3+3x2−2x+22x2−2x+1.g(x)=\frac{x^4-2x^3+3x^2-2x+2}{2x^2-2x+1}.g(x)=2x2−2x+1x4−2x3+3x2−2x+2​.

    So we must check:

    • denominator is never zero,
    • numerator is always positive or determine where it is positive.
  3. First, examine the denominator: 2x2−2x+1=2(x−12)2+12.2x^2-2x+1=2\left(x-\frac12\right)^2+\frac12.2x2−2x+1=2(x−21​)2+21​.

    Since 2(x−12)2≥0,2\left(x-\frac12\right)^2\ge 0,2(x−21​)2≥0, we get 2x2−2x+1>0for all x∈R.2x^2-2x+1>0 \quad \text{for all } x\in\mathbb R.2x2−2x+1>0for all x∈R.

    Hence the denominator never vanishes and is always positive.

  4. Now examine the numerator: x4−2x3+3x2−2x+2.x^4-2x^3+3x^2-2x+2.x4−2x3+3x2−2x+2.

    Rewrite it as x4−2x3+x2+2x2−2x+1+1.x^4-2x^3+x^2+2x^2-2x+1+1.x4−2x3+x2+2x2−2x+1+1.

    Grouping terms, x4−2x3+x2=x2(x−1)2,x^4-2x^3+x^2=x^2(x-1)^2,x4−2x3+x2=x2(x−1)2, and 2x2−2x+1=2(x−12)2+12>0.2x^2-2x+1=2\left(x-\frac12\right)^2+\frac12>0.2x2−2x+1=2(x−21​)2+21​>0.

    So x4−2x3+3x2−2x+2=x2(x−1)2+(2x2−2x+1)+1.x^4-2x^3+3x^2-2x+2 = x^2(x-1)^2+(2x^2-2x+1)+1.x4−2x3+3x2−2x+2=x2(x−1)2+(2x2−2x+1)+1.

    Therefore, x4−2x3+3x2−2x+2=x2(x−1)2+2(x−12)2+32.x^4-2x^3+3x^2-2x+2 = x^2(x-1)^2+2\left(x-\frac12\right)^2+\frac32.x4−2x3+3x2−2x+2=x2(x−1)2+2(x−21​)2+23​.

    Every term on the right is non-negative, and the constant term 32\frac3223​ is strictly positive. Hence x4−2x3+3x2−2x+2>0for all x∈R.x^4-2x^3+3x^2-2x+2>0 \quad \text{for all } x\in\mathbb R.x4−2x3+3x2−2x+2>0for all x∈R.

  5. Since both numerator and denominator are positive for all real xxx, g(x)>0for all x∈R.g(x)>0 \quad \text{for all } x\in\mathbb R.g(x)>0for all x∈R.

    Therefore, ln⁡(g(x))\ln(g(x))ln(g(x)) is defined for every real number.

  6. Hence the domain of f∘gf\circ gf∘g is R.\mathbb R.R.

  7. Checking options:

    • A: (0,∞)(0,\infty)(0,∞) — incorrect
    • B: [1,∞)[1,\infty)[1,∞) — incorrect
    • C: R\mathbb RR — correct
    • D: [0,∞)[0,\infty)[0,∞) — incorrect

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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