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Ellipse question

2022 · 30 Jun · Shift 1 · Q32
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Ellipse question

2022 · 30 Jun · Shift 1 · Q32

JEE MainMathematicsEllipseMCQ+4 / −1
Let the eccentricity of the ellipse x2+a2y2=25a2{x^2} + {a^2}{y^2} = 25{a^2}x2+a2y2=25a2 be b times the eccentricity of the hyperbola x2−a2y2=5{x^2} - {a^2}{y^2} = 5x2−a2y2=5, where a is the minimum distance between the curves y = ex and y = logex. Then a2+1b2{a^2} + {1 \over {{b^2}}}a2+b21​ is equal to :
  1. A
    32{3 \over 2}23​
  2. B
    52{5 \over 2}25​
  3. C
    3
  4. D
    5
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Find aaa from the minimum distance between y=exy=e^xy=ex and y=logex=ln⁡xy=\\log_e x=\ln xy=loge​x=lnx

    The two curves are inverses of each other, so they are symmetric about the line y=xy=xy=x.

    Their intersection points satisfy ex=ln⁡x.e^x=\ln x.ex=lnx. It is easy to check that x=1x=1x=1 gives e1=e≠0,e^1=e \neq 0,e1=e=0, so that is not an intersection. Instead, note that for inverse curves, the minimum distance occurs on the line y=xy=xy=x when the corresponding points coincide. Thus we solve ex=x.e^x=x.ex=x. But this has no real solution.

    So let us use the standard result for inverse curves: the minimum distance between y=f(x)y=f(x)y=f(x) and y=f−1(x)y=f^{-1}(x)y=f−1(x) is attained at their intersection point(s), and if they do not intersect, we minimize directly.

    Consider points (t,et)(t,e^t)(t,et) on y=exy=e^xy=ex and (et,t)(e^t,t)(et,t) on y=ln⁡xy=\ln xy=lnx by symmetry. Their distance is D=(et−t)2+(t−et)2=2 ∣et−t∣.D=\sqrt{(e^t-t)^2+(t-e^t)^2}=\sqrt{2}\,|e^t-t|.D=(et−t)2+(t−et)2​=2​∣et−t∣. So minimize ∣et−t∣.|e^t-t|.∣et−t∣. Since ϕ(t)=et−t,\phi(t)=e^t-t,ϕ(t)=et−t, we have ϕ′(t)=et−1=0  ⟹  t=0.\phi'(t)=e^t-1=0 \implies t=0.ϕ′(t)=et−1=0⟹t=0. Then ϕ(0)=1.\phi(0)=1.ϕ(0)=1. Hence minimum distance is a=2.a=\sqrt{2}.a=2​. Therefore, a2=2.a^2=2.a2=2.

  2. Eccentricity of the ellipse

    Given x2+a2y2=25a2.x^2+a^2y^2=25a^2.x2+a2y2=25a2. Divide by 25a225a^225a2: x225a2+y225=1.\frac{x^2}{25a^2}+\frac{y^2}{25}=1.25a2x2​+25y2​=1.

    Since a2=2>1a^2=2>1a2=2>1, we have 25a2=50>25,25a^2=50>25,25a2=50>25, so the major axis is along xxx.

    Thus A2=25a2,B2=25.A^2=25a^2,\qquad B^2=25.A2=25a2,B2=25. The eccentricity of the ellipse is e1=1−B2A2=1−2525a2=1−1a2.e_1=\sqrt{1-\frac{B^2}{A^2}}=\sqrt{1-\frac{25}{25a^2}}=\sqrt{1-\frac1{a^2}}.e1​=1−A2B2​​=1−25a225​​=1−a21​​. With a2=2a^2=2a2=2, e1=1−12=12.e_1=\sqrt{1-\frac12}=\frac{1}{\sqrt2}.e1​=1−21​​=2​1​.

  3. Eccentricity of the hyperbola

    Given x2−a2y2=5.x^2-a^2y^2=5.x2−a2y2=5. Write as x25−y25/a2=1.\frac{x^2}{5}-\frac{y^2}{5/a^2}=1.5x2​−5/a2y2​=1. So A2=5,B2=5a2.A^2=5,\qquad B^2=\frac{5}{a^2}.A2=5,B2=a25​.

    The eccentricity of the hyperbola is

    \sqrt{1+\frac{(5/a^2)}{5}}= \sqrt{1+\frac1{a^2}}.$$ With $a^2=2$, $$e_2=\sqrt{1+\frac12}=\sqrt{\frac32}.$$
  4. Use the condition: ellipse eccentricity is bbb times hyperbola eccentricity

    Given e1=be2.e_1=b e_2.e1​=be2​. Hence b=e1e2=1/23/2=13.b=\frac{e_1}{e_2}=\frac{1/\sqrt2}{\sqrt{3/2}}=\frac1{\sqrt3}.b=e2​e1​​=3/2​1/2​​=3​1​. Therefore, b2=13  ⟹  1b2=3.b^2=\frac13 \implies \frac1{b^2}=3.b2=31​⟹b21​=3.

  5. Compute the required expression

    a2+1b2=2+3=5.a^2+\frac1{b^2}=2+3=5.a2+b21​=2+3=5.

  6. Conclusion

    The required value is 5.\boxed{5}.5​. So the correct option is D.

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