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Definite Integration question

2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 1 · Q45
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  5. /2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 1 · Q45

Definite Integration question

2025 · 29 Jan · Shift 1 · Q45

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationMCQ+4 / −1
The integral 80∫0π4(sin⁡θ+cos⁡θ9+16sin⁡2θ)dθ80 \int\limits_0^{\frac{\pi}{4}}\left(\frac{\sin \theta+\cos \theta}{9+16 \sin 2 \theta}\right) d \theta800∫4π​​(9+16sin2θsinθ+cosθ​)dθ is equal to :
  1. A
    3 log⁡4\log 4log4
  2. B
    4 log⁡3\log 3log3
  3. C
    6 log⁡43\log \frac{4}{3}log34​
  4. D
    2 log⁡3\log 3log3
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. We need to evaluate I=80∫0π/4sin⁡θ+cos⁡θ9+16sin⁡2θ dθ.I=80\int_0^{\pi/4}\frac{\sin\theta+\cos\theta}{9+16\sin2\theta}\,d\theta.I=80∫0π/4​9+16sin2θsinθ+cosθ​dθ.

  2. Use the standard substitution t=sin⁡θ−cos⁡θ.t=\sin\theta-\cos\theta.t=sinθ−cosθ. Then, dt=(cos⁡θ+sin⁡θ) dθ.dt=(\cos\theta+\sin\theta)\,d\theta.dt=(cosθ+sinθ)dθ. This is very useful because the numerator is exactly (sin⁡θ+cos⁡θ) dθ(\sin\theta+\cos\theta)\,d\theta(sinθ+cosθ)dθ.

Also, (sin⁡θ−cos⁡θ)2=sin⁡2θ+cos⁡2θ−2sin⁡θcos⁡θ=1−sin⁡2θ.(\sin\theta-\cos\theta)^2=\sin^2\theta+\cos^2\theta-2\sin\theta\cos\theta=1-\sin2\theta.(sinθ−cosθ)2=sin2θ+cos2θ−2sinθcosθ=1−sin2θ. Hence, sin⁡2θ=1−t2.\sin2\theta=1-t^2.sin2θ=1−t2. So the denominator becomes 9+16sin⁡2θ=9+16(1−t2)=25−16t2.9+16\sin2\theta=9+16(1-t^2)=25-16t^2.9+16sin2θ=9+16(1−t2)=25−16t2.

Therefore, I=80∫dt25−16t2I=80\int \frac{dt}{25-16t^2}I=80∫25−16t2dt​ with limits converted as follows:

  • When θ=0\theta=0θ=0, t=sin⁡0−cos⁡0=−1.t=\sin0-\cos0= -1.t=sin0−cos0=−1.
  • When θ=π/4\theta=\pi/4θ=π/4, t=sin⁡π4−cos⁡π4=0.t=\sin\frac\pi4-\cos\frac\pi4=0.t=sin4π​−cos4π​=0.

Thus, I=80∫−10dt25−16t2.I=80\int_{-1}^{0}\frac{dt}{25-16t^2}.I=80∫−10​25−16t2dt​.

  1. Now factor the denominator: 25−16t2=(5−4t)(5+4t).25-16t^2=(5-4t)(5+4t).25−16t2=(5−4t)(5+4t). Use the standard result ∫dta2−b2t2=12abln⁡(a+bta−bt)+C.\int \frac{dt}{a^2-b^2t^2}=\frac{1}{2ab}\ln\left(\frac{a+bt}{a-bt}\right)+C.∫a2−b2t2dt​=2ab1​ln(a−bta+bt​)+C. Here a=5a=5a=5, b=4b=4b=4, so ∫dt25−16t2=140ln⁡(5+4t5−4t)+C.\int \frac{dt}{25-16t^2}=\frac{1}{40}\ln\left(\frac{5+4t}{5-4t}\right)+C.∫25−16t2dt​=401​ln(5−4t5+4t​)+C.

Therefore, I=80[140ln⁡(5+4t5−4t)]−10.I=80\left[\frac{1}{40}\ln\left(\frac{5+4t}{5-4t}\right)\right]_{-1}^{0}.I=80[401​ln(5−4t5+4t​)]−10​.

  1. Simplify: I=2[ln⁡(5+4t5−4t)]−10.I=2\left[\ln\left(\frac{5+4t}{5-4t}\right)\right]_{-1}^{0}.I=2[ln(5−4t5+4t​)]−10​. At t=0t=0t=0, ln⁡(55)=ln⁡1=0.\ln\left(\frac{5}{5}\right)=\ln 1=0.ln(55​)=ln1=0. At t=−1t=-1t=−1, ln⁡(5−45+4)=ln⁡(19)=−ln⁡9.\ln\left(\frac{5-4}{5+4}\right)=\ln\left(\frac{1}{9}\right)=-\ln 9.ln(5+45−4​)=ln(91​)=−ln9. So, I=2(0−(−ln⁡9))=2ln⁡9=4ln⁡3.I=2\big(0-(-\ln 9)\big)=2\ln 9=4\ln 3.I=2(0−(−ln9))=2ln9=4ln3.

  2. Hence the value of the integral is 4log⁡3\boxed{4\log 3}4log3​ (where log⁡\loglog denotes natural logarithm).

  3. Option check:

  • A: 3log⁡43\log 43log4 ❌
  • B: 4log⁡34\log 34log3 ✅
  • C: 6log⁡436\log \frac436log34​ ❌
  • D: 2log⁡32\log 32log3 ❌

So the correct option is B.

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