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We need to evaluate
I=80∫0π/49+16sin2θsinθ+cosθdθ.
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Use the standard substitution
t=sinθ−cosθ.
Then,
dt=(cosθ+sinθ)dθ.
This is very useful because the numerator is exactly (sinθ+cosθ)dθ.
Also,
(sinθ−cosθ)2=sin2θ+cos2θ−2sinθcosθ=1−sin2θ.
Hence,
sin2θ=1−t2.
So the denominator becomes
9+16sin2θ=9+16(1−t2)=25−16t2.
Therefore,
I=80∫25−16t2dt
with limits converted as follows:
- When θ=0, t=sin0−cos0=−1.
- When θ=π/4, t=sin4π−cos4π=0.
Thus,
I=80∫−1025−16t2dt.
- Now factor the denominator:
25−16t2=(5−4t)(5+4t).
Use the standard result
∫a2−b2t2dt=2ab1ln(a−bta+bt)+C.
Here a=5, b=4, so
∫25−16t2dt=401ln(5−4t5+4t)+C.
Therefore,
I=80[401ln(5−4t5+4t)]−10.
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Simplify:
I=2[ln(5−4t5+4t)]−10.
At t=0,
ln(55)=ln1=0.
At t=−1,
ln(5+45−4)=ln(91)=−ln9.
So,
I=2(0−(−ln9))=2ln9=4ln3.
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Hence the value of the integral is
4log3
(where log denotes natural logarithm).
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Option check:
- A: 3log4 ❌
- B: 4log3 ✅
- C: 6log34 ❌
- D: 2log3 ❌
So the correct option is B.