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Definite Integration question

2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 2 · Q39
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  5. /2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 2 · Q39

Definite Integration question

2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 2 · Q39

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationMCQ+4 / −1
Let aaa and bbb be real constants such that the function fff defined by f(x)={x2+3x+a,x≤1bx+2,x>1f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}x^2+3 x+a & , x \leq 1 \\ b x+2 & , x\gt 1\end{array}\right.f(x)={x2+3x+abx+2​,x≤1,x>1​ be differentiable on R\mathbb{R}R. Then, the value of ∫−22f(x)dx\int_{-2}^2 f(x) d x∫−22​f(x)dx equals
  1. A
    21
  2. B
    19/6
  3. C
    17
  4. D
    15/6
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Since fff is differentiable on R\mathbb{R}R, it must be both continuous and have equal left and right derivatives at the joining point x=1x=1x=1.

Given

f(x)={x2+3x+a,x≤1bx+2,x>1f(x)=\begin{cases} x^2+3x+a, & x\le 1 \\ bx+2, & x>1 \end{cases}f(x)={x2+3x+a,bx+2,​x≤1x>1​

we apply the two conditions at x=1x=1x=1.

  1. Continuity at x=1x=1x=1

Left value: f(1)=12+3(1)+a=4+af(1)=1^2+3(1)+a=4+af(1)=12+3(1)+a=4+a Right value at x=1x=1x=1 from the second part: b(1)+2=b+2b(1)+2=b+2b(1)+2=b+2 So, 4+a=b+2  ⟹  a−b=−2  ⟹  a=b−24+a=b+2 \implies a-b=-2 \implies a=b-24+a=b+2⟹a−b=−2⟹a=b−2

  1. Differentiability at x=1x=1x=1

Left derivative: ddx(x2+3x+a)=2x+3\frac{d}{dx}(x^2+3x+a)=2x+3dxd​(x2+3x+a)=2x+3 So at x=1x=1x=1, 2(1)+3=52(1)+3=52(1)+3=5

Right derivative: ddx(bx+2)=b\frac{d}{dx}(bx+2)=bdxd​(bx+2)=b Hence, b=5b=5b=5 Then a=b−2=5−2=3a=b-2=5-2=3a=b−2=5−2=3

  1. Therefore,
f(x)={x2+3x+3,x≤15x+2,x>1f(x)=\begin{cases} x^2+3x+3, & x\le 1 \\ 5x+2, & x>1 \end{cases}f(x)={x2+3x+3,5x+2,​x≤1x>1​
  1. Now compute ∫−22f(x) dx=∫−21(x2+3x+3) dx+∫12(5x+2) dx\int_{-2}^{2} f(x)\,dx=\int_{-2}^{1}(x^2+3x+3)\,dx+\int_{1}^{2}(5x+2)\,dx∫−22​f(x)dx=∫−21​(x2+3x+3)dx+∫12​(5x+2)dx

First integral: ∫(x2+3x+3)dx=x33+3x22+3x\int (x^2+3x+3)dx=\frac{x^3}{3}+\frac{3x^2}{2}+3x∫(x2+3x+3)dx=3x3​+23x2​+3x So,

∫−21(x2+3x+3)dx=[x33+3x22+3x]−21\int_{-2}^{1}(x^2+3x+3)dx =\left[\frac{x^3}{3}+\frac{3x^2}{2}+3x\right]_{-2}^{1}∫−21​(x2+3x+3)dx=[3x3​+23x2​+3x]−21​

At x=1x=1x=1: 13+32+3=2+9+186=296\frac{1}{3}+\frac{3}{2}+3=\frac{2+9+18}{6}=\frac{29}{6}31​+23​+3=62+9+18​=629​ At x=−2x=-2x=−2: −83+3⋅42−6=−83+6−6=−83\frac{-8}{3}+\frac{3\cdot 4}{2}-6=-\frac{8}{3}+6-6=-\frac{8}{3}3−8​+23⋅4​−6=−38​+6−6=−38​ Thus,

∫−21(x2+3x+3)dx=296−(−83)=296+166=456=152\int_{-2}^{1}(x^2+3x+3)dx=\frac{29}{6}-\left(-\frac{8}{3}\right)=\frac{29}{6}+\frac{16}{6}=\frac{45}{6}=\frac{15}{2}∫−21​(x2+3x+3)dx=629​−(−38​)=629​+616​=645​=215​

Second integral: ∫12(5x+2)dx=[5x22+2x]12\int_1^2 (5x+2)dx=\left[\frac{5x^2}{2}+2x\right]_1^2∫12​(5x+2)dx=[25x2​+2x]12​ At x=2x=2x=2: 5⋅42+4=10+4=14\frac{5\cdot 4}{2}+4=10+4=1425⋅4​+4=10+4=14 At x=1x=1x=1: 52+2=92\frac{5}{2}+2=\frac{9}{2}25​+2=29​ So,

∫12(5x+2)dx=14−92=28−92=192\int_1^2 (5x+2)dx=14-\frac{9}{2}=\frac{28-9}{2}=\frac{19}{2}∫12​(5x+2)dx=14−29​=228−9​=219​
  1. Total integral:
∫−22f(x)dx=152+192=342=17\int_{-2}^{2} f(x)dx=\frac{15}{2}+\frac{19}{2}=\frac{34}{2}=17∫−22​f(x)dx=215​+219​=234​=17

Hence the correct option is C.

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