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Definite Integration question

2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 1 · Q46
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  5. /2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 1 · Q46

Definite Integration question

2024 · 5 Apr · Shift 1 · Q46

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationMCQ+4 / −1
The value of ∫−ππ2y(1+sin⁡y)1+cos⁡2ydy\int_{-\pi}^\pi \frac{2 y(1+\sin y)}{1+\cos ^2 y} d y∫−ππ​1+cos2y2y(1+siny)​dy is :
  1. A
    π2\frac{\pi}{2}2π​
  2. B
    π2\pi^2π2
  3. C
    π22\frac{\pi^2}{2}2π2​
  4. D
    2π22 \pi^22π2
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. We need to evaluate I=∫−ππ2y(1+sin⁡y)1+cos⁡2y dy.I=\int_{-\pi}^{\pi} \frac{2y(1+\sin y)}{1+\cos^2 y}\,dy.I=∫−ππ​1+cos2y2y(1+siny)​dy.

  2. Split the integrand: 2y(1+sin⁡y)1+cos⁡2y=2y1+cos⁡2y+2ysin⁡y1+cos⁡2y.\frac{2y(1+\sin y)}{1+\cos^2 y}=\frac{2y}{1+\cos^2 y}+\frac{2y\sin y}{1+\cos^2 y}.1+cos2y2y(1+siny)​=1+cos2y2y​+1+cos2y2ysiny​. So, I=∫−ππ2y1+cos⁡2y dy+∫−ππ2ysin⁡y1+cos⁡2y dy.I=\int_{-\pi}^{\pi} \frac{2y}{1+\cos^2 y}\,dy+\int_{-\pi}^{\pi} \frac{2y\sin y}{1+\cos^2 y}\,dy.I=∫−ππ​1+cos2y2y​dy+∫−ππ​1+cos2y2ysiny​dy.

  3. Use parity (odd/even properties):

  • yyy is odd.
  • cos⁡2y\cos^2 ycos2y is even, so 1+cos⁡2y1+\cos^2 y1+cos2y is even.
  • Hence 2y1+cos⁡2y\dfrac{2y}{1+\cos^2 y}1+cos2y2y​ is odd.

Therefore, ∫−ππ2y1+cos⁡2y dy=0.\int_{-\pi}^{\pi} \frac{2y}{1+\cos^2 y}\,dy=0.∫−ππ​1+cos2y2y​dy=0.

  1. Now consider 2ysin⁡y1+cos⁡2y.\frac{2y\sin y}{1+\cos^2 y}.1+cos2y2ysiny​. Here:
  • yyy is odd,
  • sin⁡y\sin ysiny is odd,
  • product ysin⁡yy\sin yysiny is even,
  • denominator 1+cos⁡2y1+\cos^2 y1+cos2y is even. So the whole function is even.

Thus, I=∫−ππ2ysin⁡y1+cos⁡2y dy=2∫0π2ysin⁡y1+cos⁡2y dy=4∫0πysin⁡y1+cos⁡2y dy.I=\int_{-\pi}^{\pi} \frac{2y\sin y}{1+\cos^2 y}\,dy=2\int_0^{\pi} \frac{2y\sin y}{1+\cos^2 y}\,dy=4\int_0^{\pi} \frac{y\sin y}{1+\cos^2 y}\,dy.I=∫−ππ​1+cos2y2ysiny​dy=2∫0π​1+cos2y2ysiny​dy=4∫0π​1+cos2yysiny​dy.

  1. Let J=∫0πysin⁡y1+cos⁡2y dy.J=\int_0^{\pi} \frac{y\sin y}{1+\cos^2 y}\,dy.J=∫0π​1+cos2yysiny​dy. Use integration by parts:
  • Take u=y⇒du=dyu=y \Rightarrow du=dyu=y⇒du=dy,
  • Take dv=sin⁡y1+cos⁡2ydydv=\dfrac{\sin y}{1+\cos^2 y}dydv=1+cos2ysiny​dy.

Now compute vvv: Let t=cos⁡yt=\cos yt=cosy, then dt=−sin⁡y dydt=-\sin y\,dydt=−sinydy. So, ∫sin⁡y1+cos⁡2ydy=−∫dt1+t2=−tan⁡−1(t)=−tan⁡−1(cos⁡y).\int \frac{\sin y}{1+\cos^2 y}dy=-\int \frac{dt}{1+t^2}=-\tan^{-1}(t)=-\tan^{-1}(\cos y).∫1+cos2ysiny​dy=−∫1+t2dt​=−tan−1(t)=−tan−1(cosy). Hence, v=−tan⁡−1(cos⁡y).v=-\tan^{-1}(\cos y).v=−tan−1(cosy).

Therefore, J=[−ytan⁡−1(cos⁡y)]0π+∫0πtan⁡−1(cos⁡y) dy.J=\left[-y\tan^{-1}(\cos y)\right]_0^{\pi}+\int_0^{\pi} \tan^{-1}(\cos y)\,dy.J=[−ytan−1(cosy)]0π​+∫0π​tan−1(cosy)dy.

  1. Evaluate the boundary term:
  • At y=πy=\piy=π, cos⁡π=−1\cos\pi=-1cosπ=−1, so tan⁡−1(−1)=−π4\tan^{-1}(-1)=-\frac{\pi}{4}tan−1(−1)=−4π​. Thus, −πtan⁡−1(cos⁡π)=−π(−π4)=π24.-\pi\tan^{-1}(\cos\pi)=-\pi\left(-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\frac{\pi^2}{4}.−πtan−1(cosπ)=−π(−4π​)=4π2​.
  • At y=0y=0y=0, the term is 000.

So, J=π24+∫0πtan⁡−1(cos⁡y) dy.J=\frac{\pi^2}{4}+\int_0^{\pi} \tan^{-1}(\cos y)\,dy.J=4π2​+∫0π​tan−1(cosy)dy.

  1. Now evaluate K=∫0πtan⁡−1(cos⁡y) dy.K=\int_0^{\pi} \tan^{-1}(\cos y)\,dy.K=∫0π​tan−1(cosy)dy. Use the substitution y↦π−yy\mapsto \pi-yy↦π−y:
∫0πtan⁡−1(−cos⁡y) dy.\int_0^{\pi} \tan^{-1}(-\cos y)\,dy.∫0π​tan−1(−cosy)dy.

Since tan⁡−1(−x)=−tan⁡−1(x)\tan^{-1}(-x)=-\tan^{-1}(x)tan−1(−x)=−tan−1(x), K=−∫0πtan⁡−1(cos⁡y) dy=−K.K=-\int_0^{\pi} \tan^{-1}(\cos y)\,dy=-K.K=−∫0π​tan−1(cosy)dy=−K. Hence, K=0.K=0.K=0.

Therefore, J=π24.J=\frac{\pi^2}{4}.J=4π2​.

  1. Finally, I=4J=4⋅π24=π2.I=4J=4\cdot \frac{\pi^2}{4}=\pi^2.I=4J=4⋅4π2​=π2.

  2. So the correct option is π2\boxed{\pi^2}π2​ which is option B.

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