We are given
f ( t ) = ∫ 0 π 2 x d x 1 − cos 2 t sin 2 x , 0 < t < π f(t)=\int_0^{\pi} \frac{2x\,dx}{1-\cos^2 t\,\sin^2 x}, \qquad 0<t<\pi f ( t ) = ∫ 0 π 1 − cos 2 t sin 2 x 2 x d x , 0 < t < π
and we need to find
I = ∫ 0 π / 2 π 2 d t f ( t ) . I=\int_0^{\pi/2} \frac{\pi^2\,dt}{f(t)}. I = ∫ 0 π /2 f ( t ) π 2 d t .
First, simplify f ( t ) f(t) f ( t ) using symmetry.
Write
J = ∫ 0 π 2 x d x 1 − a sin 2 x , J=\int_0^{\pi} \frac{2x\,dx}{1-a\sin^2 x}, J = ∫ 0 π 1 − a sin 2 x 2 x d x ,
where
a = cos 2 t . a=\cos^2 t. a = cos 2 t .
Now use the substitution x ↦ π − x x\mapsto \pi-x x ↦ π − x :
J = ∫ 0 π 2 ( π − x ) d x 1 − a sin 2 x , J=\int_0^{\pi} \frac{2(\pi-x)\,dx}{1-a\sin^2 x}, J = ∫ 0 π 1 − a sin 2 x 2 ( π − x ) d x ,
because sin ( π − x ) = sin x \sin(\pi-x)=\sin x sin ( π − x ) = sin x .
Adding the two expressions for J J J ,
2 J = ∫ 0 π 2 x + 2 ( π − x ) 1 − a sin 2 x d x = ∫ 0 π 2 π d x 1 − a sin 2 x . 2J=\int_0^{\pi} \frac{2x+2(\pi-x)}{1-a\sin^2 x}\,dx
=\int_0^{\pi} \frac{2\pi\,dx}{1-a\sin^2 x}. 2 J = ∫ 0 π 1 − a sin 2 x 2 x + 2 ( π − x ) d x = ∫ 0 π 1 − a sin 2 x 2 π d x .
Hence
J = π ∫ 0 π d x 1 − a sin 2 x . J=\pi\int_0^{\pi} \frac{dx}{1-a\sin^2 x}. J = π ∫ 0 π 1 − a sin 2 x d x .
Therefore,
f ( t ) = π ∫ 0 π d x 1 − cos 2 t sin 2 x . f(t)=\pi\int_0^{\pi} \frac{dx}{1-\cos^2 t\sin^2 x}. f ( t ) = π ∫ 0 π 1 − cos 2 t sin 2 x d x .
Evaluate the standard integral.
Using symmetry again,
∫ 0 π d x 1 − a sin 2 x = 2 ∫ 0 π / 2 d x 1 − a sin 2 x . \int_0^{\pi} \frac{dx}{1-a\sin^2 x}=2\int_0^{\pi/2} \frac{dx}{1-a\sin^2 x}. ∫ 0 π 1 − a sin 2 x d x = 2 ∫ 0 π /2 1 − a sin 2 x d x .
Now the standard result is
∫ 0 π / 2 d x 1 − a sin 2 x = π 2 1 − a , 0 ≤ a < 1. \int_0^{\pi/2} \frac{dx}{1-a\sin^2 x}=\frac{\pi}{2\sqrt{1-a}}, \qquad 0\le a<1. ∫ 0 π /2 1 − a sin 2 x d x = 2 1 − a π , 0 ≤ a < 1.
So,
∫ 0 π d x 1 − a sin 2 x = π 1 − a . \int_0^{\pi} \frac{dx}{1-a\sin^2 x}=\frac{\pi}{\sqrt{1-a}}. ∫ 0 π 1 − a sin 2 x d x = 1 − a π .
With a = cos 2 t a=\cos^2 t a = cos 2 t ,
1 − a = 1 − cos 2 t = sin t \sqrt{1-a}=\sqrt{1-\cos^2 t}=\sin t 1 − a = 1 − cos 2 t = sin t
for 0 < t < π 0<t<\pi 0 < t < π .
Thus,
f ( t ) = π ⋅ π sin t = π 2 sin t . f(t)=\pi\cdot \frac{\pi}{\sin t}=\frac{\pi^2}{\sin t}. f ( t ) = π ⋅ sin t π = sin t π 2 .
Now compute the required integral:
I = ∫ 0 π / 2 π 2 f ( t ) d t = ∫ 0 π / 2 π 2 π 2 / sin t d t = ∫ 0 π / 2 sin t d t . I=\int_0^{\pi/2} \frac{\pi^2}{f(t)}\,dt
=\int_0^{\pi/2} \frac{\pi^2}{\pi^2/\sin t}\,dt
=\int_0^{\pi/2} \sin t\,dt. I = ∫ 0 π /2 f ( t ) π 2 d t = ∫ 0 π /2 π 2 / sin t π 2 d t = ∫ 0 π /2 sin t d t .
Therefore,
I = [ − cos t ] 0 π / 2 = 0 − ( − 1 ) = 1. I=[-\cos t]_0^{\pi/2}=0-(-1)=1. I = [ − cos t ] 0 π /2 = 0 − ( − 1 ) = 1.
Final answer:
1 \boxed{1} 1
The derived answer matches the stored correct answer.