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Definite Integration question

2021 · 26 Feb · Shift 2 · Q32
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  5. /2021 · 26 Feb · Shift 2 · Q32

Definite Integration question

2021 · 26 Feb · Shift 2 · Q32

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationMCQ+4 / −1
For x > 0, if f(x)=∫1xlog⁡et(1+t)dtf(x) = \int\limits_1^x {{{{{\log }_e}t} \over {(1 + t)}}dt}f(x)=1∫x​(1+t)loge​t​dt, then f(e)+f(1e)f(e) + f\left( {{1 \over e}} \right)f(e)+f(e1​) is equal to :
  1. A
    12{1 \over 2}21​
  2. B
    −-− 1
  3. C
    0
  4. D
    1
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. We are given
f(x)=∫1xln⁡t1+t dt,x>0.f(x)=\int_1^x \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt, \qquad x>0.f(x)=∫1x​1+tlnt​dt,x>0.

We need to find

f(e)+f(1e).f(e)+f\left(\frac1e\right).f(e)+f(e1​).
  1. Write both terms using the definition:
f(e)=∫1eln⁡t1+t dt,f(e)=\int_1^e \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt,f(e)=∫1e​1+tlnt​dt,

and

f(1e)=∫11/eln⁡t1+t dt.f\left(\frac1e\right)=\int_1^{1/e} \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt.f(e1​)=∫11/e​1+tlnt​dt.

So,

f(e)+f(1e)=∫1eln⁡t1+t dt+∫11/eln⁡t1+t dt.f(e)+f\left(\frac1e\right)=\int_1^e \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt+\int_1^{1/e} \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt.f(e)+f(e1​)=∫1e​1+tlnt​dt+∫11/e​1+tlnt​dt.
  1. Reverse the limits in the second integral:
∫11/eln⁡t1+t dt=−∫1/e1ln⁡t1+t dt.\int_1^{1/e} \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt=-\int_{1/e}^1 \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt.∫11/e​1+tlnt​dt=−∫1/e1​1+tlnt​dt.

Hence

f(e)+f(1e)=∫1eln⁡t1+t dt−∫1/e1ln⁡t1+t dt.f(e)+f\left(\frac1e\right)=\int_1^e \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt-\int_{1/e}^1 \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt.f(e)+f(e1​)=∫1e​1+tlnt​dt−∫1/e1​1+tlnt​dt.
  1. In the second integral, use the substitution
t=1u⇒dt=−1u2du.t=\frac1u \quad \Rightarrow \quad dt=-\frac1{u^2}du.t=u1​⇒dt=−u21​du.

When t=1et=\frac1et=e1​, u=eu=eu=e, and when t=1t=1t=1, u=1u=1u=1.

Then

∫1/e1ln⁡t1+t dt=∫e1ln⁡(1/u)1+1/u(−1u2)du.\int_{1/e}^1 \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt =\int_e^1 \frac{\ln(1/u)}{1+1/u}\left(-\frac1{u^2}\right)du.∫1/e1​1+tlnt​dt=∫e1​1+1/uln(1/u)​(−u21​)du.

Now simplify:

ln⁡(1/u)=−ln⁡u,\ln(1/u)=-\ln u,ln(1/u)=−lnu,

and

1+1u=u+1u.1+\frac1u=\frac{u+1}{u}.1+u1​=uu+1​.

Therefore,

ln⁡(1/u)1+1/u(−1u2)=−ln⁡u(u+1)/u(−1u2)=ln⁡uu(u+1).\frac{\ln(1/u)}{1+1/u}\left(-\frac1{u^2}\right) =\frac{-\ln u}{(u+1)/u}\left(-\frac1{u^2}\right) =\frac{\ln u}{u(u+1)}.1+1/uln(1/u)​(−u21​)=(u+1)/u−lnu​(−u21​)=u(u+1)lnu​.

So,

∫1/e1ln⁡t1+t dt=∫e1ln⁡uu(u+1)du=−∫1eln⁡uu(u+1)du.\int_{1/e}^1 \frac{\ln t}{1+t}\,dt=\int_e^1 \frac{\ln u}{u(u+1)}du=-\int_1^e \frac{\ln u}{u(u+1)}du.∫1/e1​1+tlnt​dt=∫e1​u(u+1)lnu​du=−∫1e​u(u+1)lnu​du.

Thus,

f(e)+f(1e)=∫1eln⁡t1+tdt+∫1eln⁡tt(1+t)dt.f(e)+f\left(\frac1e\right)=\int_1^e \frac{\ln t}{1+t}dt+\int_1^e \frac{\ln t}{t(1+t)}dt.f(e)+f(e1​)=∫1e​1+tlnt​dt+∫1e​t(1+t)lnt​dt.
  1. Combine the integrands:
ln⁡t1+t+ln⁡tt(1+t)=ln⁡t(11+t+1t(1+t)).\frac{\ln t}{1+t}+\frac{\ln t}{t(1+t)} =\ln t\left(\frac1{1+t}+\frac1{t(1+t)}\right).1+tlnt​+t(1+t)lnt​=lnt(1+t1​+t(1+t)1​).

Take LCM:

11+t+1t(1+t)=t+1t(1+t)=1t.\frac1{1+t}+\frac1{t(1+t)} =\frac{t+1}{t(1+t)}=\frac1t.1+t1​+t(1+t)1​=t(1+t)t+1​=t1​.

Hence,

f(e)+f(1e)=∫1eln⁡tt dt.f(e)+f\left(\frac1e\right)=\int_1^e \frac{\ln t}{t}\,dt.f(e)+f(e1​)=∫1e​tlnt​dt.
  1. Now evaluate:
∫ln⁡tt dt=(ln⁡t)22.\int \frac{\ln t}{t}\,dt=\frac{(\ln t)^2}{2}.∫tlnt​dt=2(lnt)2​.

Therefore,

∫1eln⁡tt dt=[(ln⁡t)22]1e=(ln⁡e)22−(ln⁡1)22=122−0=12.\int_1^e \frac{\ln t}{t}\,dt=\left[\frac{(\ln t)^2}{2}\right]_1^e =\frac{(\ln e)^2}{2}-\frac{(\ln 1)^2}{2} =\frac{1^2}{2}-0=\frac12.∫1e​tlnt​dt=[2(lnt)2​]1e​=2(lne)2​−2(ln1)2​=212​−0=21​.
  1. Final answer:
f(e)+f(1e)=12.f(e)+f\left(\frac1e\right)=\frac12.f(e)+f(e1​)=21​.

So the correct option is A.

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