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Complex Numbers question

2023 · 25 Jan · Shift 1 · Q35
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  5. /2023 · 25 Jan · Shift 1 · Q35

Complex Numbers question

2023 · 25 Jan · Shift 1 · Q35

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersMCQ+4 / −1
Let z1=2+3i\mathrm{z_1=2+3i}z1​=2+3i and z2=3+4i\mathrm{z_2=3+4i}z2​=3+4i. The set S={z∈C:∣z−z1∣2−∣z−z2∣2=∣z1−z2∣2}\mathrm{S = \left\{ {z \in \mathbb{C}:{{\left| {z - {z_1}} \right|}^2} - {{\left| {z - {z_2}} \right|}^2} = {{\left| {{z_1} - {z_2}} \right|}^2}} \right\}}S={z∈C:∣z−z1​∣2−∣z−z2​∣2=∣z1​−z2​∣2} represents a
  1. A
    hyperbola with the length of the transverse axis 7
  2. B
    hyperbola with eccentricity 2
  3. C
    straight line with the sum of its intercepts on the coordinate axes equals −18-18−18
  4. D
    straight line with the sum of its intercepts on the coordinate axes equals 141414
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Given complex numbers

    z_1=2+3i,qquad z_2=3+4i

    Let z=x+iyz=x+iyz=x+iy where x,y∈Rx,y\in\mathbb Rx,y∈R.

  2. Use the given condition

    The set is S={z∈C: ∣z−z1∣2−∣z−z2∣2=∣z1−z2∣2}S=\left\{z\in\mathbb C:\ |z-z_1|^2-|z-z_2|^2=|z_1-z_2|^2\right\}S={z∈C: ∣z−z1​∣2−∣z−z2​∣2=∣z1​−z2​∣2}

    First compute each term.

  3. Compute ∣z−z1∣2|z-z_1|^2∣z−z1​∣2 and ∣z−z2∣2|z-z_2|^2∣z−z2​∣2

    Since z−z1=(x−2)+i(y−3),z-z_1=(x-2)+i(y-3),z−z1​=(x−2)+i(y−3), we get ∣z−z1∣2=(x−2)2+(y−3)2.|z-z_1|^2=(x-2)^2+(y-3)^2.∣z−z1​∣2=(x−2)2+(y−3)2.

    Similarly, z−z2=(x−3)+i(y−4),z-z_2=(x-3)+i(y-4),z−z2​=(x−3)+i(y−4), so ∣z−z2∣2=(x−3)2+(y−4)2.|z-z_2|^2=(x-3)^2+(y-4)^2.∣z−z2​∣2=(x−3)2+(y−4)2.

  4. Compute ∣z1−z2∣2|z_1-z_2|^2∣z1​−z2​∣2

    z1−z2=(2+3i)−(3+4i)=−1−iz_1-z_2=(2+3i)-(3+4i)=-1-iz1​−z2​=(2+3i)−(3+4i)=−1−i

    Hence, ∣z1−z2∣2=(−1)2+(−1)2=2.|z_1-z_2|^2=(-1)^2+(-1)^2=2.∣z1​−z2​∣2=(−1)2+(−1)2=2.

  5. Substitute into the equation

    [(x−2)2+(y−3)2]−[(x−3)2+(y−4)2]=2[(x-2)^2+(y-3)^2]-[(x-3)^2+(y-4)^2]=2[(x−2)2+(y−3)2]−[(x−3)2+(y−4)2]=2

    Expand: x2−4x+4+y2−6y+9−(x2−6x+9+y2−8y+16)=2x^2-4x+4+y^2-6y+9-(x^2-6x+9+y^2-8y+16)=2x2−4x+4+y2−6y+9−(x2−6x+9+y2−8y+16)=2

    x2−4x+4+y2−6y+9−x2+6x−9−y2+8y−16=2x^2-4x+4+y^2-6y+9-x^2+6x-9-y^2+8y-16=2x2−4x+4+y2−6y+9−x2+6x−9−y2+8y−16=2

    Simplify: 2x+2y−12=22x+2y-12=22x+2y−12=2

    2x+2y=142x+2y=142x+2y=14

    x+y=7x+y=7x+y=7

  6. Interpret the locus

    The equation x+y=7x+y=7x+y=7 represents a straight line.

  7. Find intercepts on coordinate axes

    • On the xxx-axis, y=0y=0y=0: x=7x=7x=7 So x-intercept =7=7=7.

    • On the yyy-axis, x=0x=0x=0: y=7y=7y=7 So y-intercept =7=7=7.

    Sum of intercepts: 7+7=147+7=147+7=14

  8. Check options

    • A: hyperbola with transverse axis 7  False
    • B: hyperbola with eccentricity 2  False
    • C: straight line with sum of intercepts −18-18−18  False
    • D: straight line with sum of intercepts 141414  True

Therefore, the set SSS represents a straight line with the sum of its intercepts on the coordinate axes equal to 141414.

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