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Complex Numbers question

2022 · 24 Jun · Shift 2 · Q37
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Complex Numbers question

2022 · 24 Jun · Shift 2 · Q37

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersNumerical+4 / −1
Let S = {z ∈\in∈ C : |z −-− 3|≤\le≤ 1 and z(4 + 3i) +z‾\overline zz(4 −-− 3i) ≤\le≤ 24}. If α\alphaα + i β\betaβ is the point in S which is closest to 4i, then 25(α\alphaα+β\betaβ) is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 80

  1. Interpret the set SSS geometrically

Let z=x+iyz=x+iyz=x+iy, where x,y∈Rx,y\in\mathbb Rx,y∈R.

The first condition is ∣z−3∣≤1.|z-3|\le 1.∣z−3∣≤1. Since 3=3+0i3=3+0i3=3+0i, this represents the closed disk (x−3)2+y2≤1,(x-3)^2+y^2\le 1,(x−3)2+y2≤1, centered at (3,0)(3,0)(3,0) with radius 111.


  1. Simplify the second condition

Given z(4+3i)+z‾(4−3i)≤24.z(4+3i)+\overline z(4-3i)\le 24.z(4+3i)+z(4−3i)≤24.

Now, z=x+iy,z‾=x−iy.z=x+iy,\qquad \overline z=x-iy.z=x+iy,z=x−iy.

Compute: z(4+3i)=(x+iy)(4+3i)=4x+3ix+4iy+3i2y=(4x−3y)+i(3x+4y),z(4+3i)=(x+iy)(4+3i)=4x+3ix+4iy+3i^2y=(4x-3y)+i(3x+4y),z(4+3i)=(x+iy)(4+3i)=4x+3ix+4iy+3i2y=(4x−3y)+i(3x+4y),

and z‾(4−3i)=(x−iy)(4−3i)=4x−3ix−4iy+3i2y=(4x−3y)−i(3x+4y).\overline z(4-3i)=(x-iy)(4-3i)=4x-3ix-4iy+3i^2y=(4x-3y)-i(3x+4y).z(4−3i)=(x−iy)(4−3i)=4x−3ix−4iy+3i2y=(4x−3y)−i(3x+4y).

Adding, z(4+3i)+z‾(4−3i)=2(4x−3y)=8x−6y.z(4+3i)+\overline z(4-3i)=2(4x-3y)=8x-6y.z(4+3i)+z(4−3i)=2(4x−3y)=8x−6y.

So the inequality becomes 8x−6y≤24,8x-6y\le 24,8x−6y≤24, or 4x−3y≤12.4x-3y\le 12.4x−3y≤12.

Thus SSS is the part of the disk (x−3)2+y2≤1(x-3)^2+y^2\le 1(x−3)2+y2≤1 that lies in the half-plane 4x−3y≤12.4x-3y\le 12.4x−3y≤12.


  1. Point in SSS closest to 4i4i4i

The point 4i4i4i is (0,4)(0,4)(0,4) in the Argand plane. We must minimize the distance from (0,4)(0,4)(0,4) to points in SSS.

First check whether (0,4)(0,4)(0,4) lies in the disk: (0−3)2+42=9+16=25>1,(0-3)^2+4^2=9+16=25>1,(0−3)2+42=9+16=25>1, so it is outside the disk.

For the full disk, the closest point to (0,4)(0,4)(0,4) would lie on the radius from the center (3,0)(3,0)(3,0) toward (0,4)(0,4)(0,4).

Direction from center to (0,4)(0,4)(0,4) is (−3,4),(-3,4),(−3,4), whose magnitude is 555. Hence the nearest point on the circle is (3,0)+15(−3,4)=(3−35,45)=(125,45).(3,0)+\frac{1}{5}(-3,4)=\left(3-\frac35,\frac45\right)=\left(\frac{12}{5},\frac45\right).(3,0)+51​(−3,4)=(3−53​,54​)=(512​,54​).

Now check whether this point satisfies the half-plane inequality: 4x−3y=4⋅125−3⋅45=485−125=365=7.2≤12.4x-3y=4\cdot \frac{12}{5}-3\cdot \frac45=\frac{48}{5}-\frac{12}{5}=\frac{36}{5}=7.2\le 12.4x−3y=4⋅512​−3⋅54​=548​−512​=536​=7.2≤12. So this point lies in SSS.

Therefore, the point in SSS closest to 4i4i4i is α+iβ=125+i45.\alpha+i\beta=\frac{12}{5}+i\frac45.α+iβ=512​+i54​.

Hence, α=125,β=45.\alpha=\frac{12}{5},\qquad \beta=\frac45.α=512​,β=54​.


  1. Compute 25(α+β)25(\alpha+\beta)25(α+β)

α+β=125+45=165.\alpha+\beta=\frac{12}{5}+\frac45=\frac{16}{5}.α+β=512​+54​=516​. Therefore, 25(α+β)=25⋅165=5⋅16=80.25(\alpha+\beta)=25\cdot \frac{16}{5}=5\cdot 16=80.25(α+β)=25⋅516​=5⋅16=80.


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Derived answer: 808080. Stored correct answer: 808080.

They match.

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